2IO 



NATIVE BRITISH ORCHIDACE^ 



by 5 mm long.^ The spur is sometimes described as filiform, but though slender, 

 it is hardly thread-like, though of nearly the same diameter throughout. 



PkolipLtion. a spike (x inch long) from Dorset (S r M Abbot Anderson) 

 had double flowers. One flower had nine sepals and petals and ten lips, all more 

 or less 3-lobed, flushed pale mauve with yellowish centres and a few famt mauve 

 spots, the lowest with a slender spur, and the three next with a rudimentary one, 

 all ar;anged spirally round the lengthened axis, wlaich ended m two wloitish concave 

 scales enclosing a terminal scale (or point in some flowers). _ ■ ,u ^. ^. 



Text-fig 11^ by the late Prof. Lindman,- shows the great variation m the shape 

 of the lip in Orchis maculata L. in Sweden. He does not recognise any named varieties, 

 but says that they pass into each other without definite lines of demarcation Nos i, 

 z 7 14 and i8 belong to what is regarded by European botanists generally as the 

 t;pe of the species, being the most widely distributed and best Imown form. They 

 have the rather broader and more erect sepals of this type {^etala 3 extenora erecta 

 of Linn^us' diagnosis in the Sp. pi), but the lip in Nos. ^, 7 and 14 - rather broader 

 than usual and a slight strain of elodes is possible. No. x is comparable with Nos. 4, 

 s I, and x4of PI. 50 (which does not include .W.-f), the lip being practically undivided, 

 No 2 with No. 2 (except that the latter has sepals nearer to elodes, though that sub- 

 species was absent), No. 7 with No. xz, wMst No. x8 finds its counterpart m No 8. 

 Nos 3 , 6 9 and 15 are forms of ./.^.-f, and probably Nos. X2 and X3, though they 

 som;what r'esemble No. x6 of PL 50. The late Dr Druce told me that he spent five 

 weeks in Norway and only saw ericetorum {elodes) there. No. 4 looks like a cross be- 

 tween the two forms, and is near No. 20 (PI. 50), whilst No. 2oisnotfarfrom No 9, 

 and No. 24 from No. X7. Nos. X9-25 (Text-fig. xx)allappear to be hybrids within the 

 species, and the heavy markings of Nos. 5, 10, x6, X7 and 25 also suggest the same 

 origin (cf PI G ficr. 5). The narrower, often twisted sepals of elodes are usually niore 

 horizontal than 'in Nos. 4, i5, ^3 and 25, but Nos. 2, 3, 8, 9, xx, 17 and 25 of PL 50 

 show that they also occur in isolated specimens amongst the type. 



Ninety-two years passed before any botanist seems to have suspected that 0. macu- 

 lata L. comprised two forms of possibly specific value, when the existence of this 

 interesting plant was first brought to notice by A. Grisebach mUeber d^e BMu^gdes 

 Torfs in den Emsmooren, p. 25 (X846) (reprinted from Gmingen Studten (X845)). His 

 original description is translated below. 



Orchis elodes new sp. Tubers twin, palmatifid, leaves (4-5) lanceolate acuminate, 

 decreasing upwards, bracts nerved, exceeding the ovary, flowers flesh-coloured, 

 painted (i.e. adorned with markings), segments of perianth semi-lanceolate, the 

 exterior spreading, lip tri-lobed, spur descending, filiform, acuminate, half as long as 



^ ^<!;.&^ml!i&.Svenskavet.-ak.d. Ha.dIir,gar,B.nd^ru,Md. 3,No. x. Stockholm, 1897. 



