234 THE CHERRIES OF NEW YORK 



Cerisier a Feiiilles Laciniees. P. avium, i. Leroy Did. Pom. 5: 26^, 268 fig. 1877. 



Tliis is a chance seedling first mentioned by Leroy in his catalog in i860. Because 

 of its foliage it is often used as an ornamental. Tree strong, moderately productive; fruit 

 generally attached singl}', small, oval; suture apparent; stem long; cavity moderately 

 large; skin clear red, marbled with reddish-brown; flesh firm, yellowish-white, with abun- 

 dant, uncolored juice, sugary, slightly acidulated; pit of medium size, elongated-oval, 

 plump. 

 Cerisier a Gros Fruit Blanc. P. avium, i. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2:507. 1S60. 



A cherry ripening in July but described as very sugar>' and very good; flesh watery, 

 aromatic; productive. 

 Cerisier Royal Tardif a Fruit Noir. Species? i. Noisette Man. Comp. Jard. 2 : 506. i860. 



The fruit ripens in July, becoming deep black. 

 Cerisier Tres-fertile. P. cerasus. i. Duhamel rrai7. ylr6. Fr. 1:175, 176. 1768. 



Weichselbaum mit biindelformigen Fruchten. 2. Kraft Pom. Aust. 1:5, Tab. 12 fig. 

 I. 1792. 



Cerise a Trochet 3. Land. Hort. Soc. Cat. 56. 1831. 4. Leroy Diet. Pom. 5:397, 

 398 fig. 1877. 



Prolific Cherry. 5. Prince Pom. Man. 2:1^2. 1832. 



Amarelle tres-fcrtile. 6. Mortillet Le Cerisier 2:201 fig., 202, 203. 1866. 



Leroy states that this variety was long ago well known in France. Because it was 

 grown in the neighborhood of Angers and Saint-Laud, and was of the Montmorency type, 

 Leroy says it was locally named Cerisier Montmorency Hatif de Saint Laud. He is doubt- 

 ful whether it existed before the Eighteenth Century; Duhamel was the first to describe 

 it in 1768. The tree resembles the Cluster cherry and is probably but a variation of the 

 Cerise Commune type. Tree small; fruit generally attached in threes, of medium size, 

 globular, compressed at the stem; cavity rather deep; apex small, somewhat prominent; 

 stem of medium size, unequal in length ; skin transparent, clear red, deeper when mature ; 

 flesh tender, white, juicy, sugary, strongly acidulated; stone medium in size, roundish, 

 turgid; ripens the middle of June. Its graceful habit and productiveness make it a favorite 

 for ornamental purposes. 

 Cerisier de Varenne. Species? i. Noisette Ma». Caw/?. /artf. 2:507. i860. 



Belle de Varennes. 2. Mas Pom. Gen. 11:159. 1882. 



Tree erect, very vigorous; fruit large, compressed; stem long; color bright red. 

 Challenge. P. pumila. i. Can. Exp. Farms Rpt. 353. 1896. 



Challenge is a Sand Cherry seedling grown in Canada; fair flavor and of medium 

 size. 

 Champagne. Species? i. Horticulturist 5:76. 77 fig. 1850. 2. Elliott Fr. Book 205. 



iSS4- 

 Champagne is a seedling raided by Charles Downing,' Newburgh, New York, and so 



' Charles Downing, whose likeness we show in the frontispiece, was born at Newburgh, New York, 

 July 9, 1802. He spent his life in the place of his birth, dying January 18, 1885. His parents were natives 

 of Lexington, Massachusetts, who shortly before the birth of Charles Downing, the eldest son, came to 

 Newburgh, the father establishing a shop for the manufacture of wagons, a business which he soon 



