II HISTORY AND CLASSIFICATION 15 
a still smaller number will care to investigate 
thoroughly the forty-one groups carefully enumerated 
by Mr. W. Paul in his systematic work. 
Now that hybridising and crossing of groups is 
so largely undertaken, it seems plain that many 
new divisions and classes are likely to arise, and 
old lines of demarcation will be confused. Apart 
from the true climbers, and all summer or botanical 
varieties, Roses to the novice or spectator at Rose 
shows are generally divided into H.P.s and Teas, 
and the more these two great divisions are con- 
solidated and made inclusive instead of being sub- 
divided, the less confusion, to my mind, is likely to 
arise from crossing and hybridising. 
Cultivated Roses are naturally divided into two 
divisions at the outset: Summer (¢.e., those which 
only bloom once in the year), and Perpetual (7.e. those 
which have at least something of a second crop). 
It is obvious that the latter is the more valuable; 
the H.P.s if taken to include the Hybrid Teas and 
all Bourbons which are perpetual, and the Teas, 
with the Noisettes which are mostly crossed with 
them, form the bulk of the perpetual Roses, and 
have therefore increased immensely in culture, 
popularity, and number of varieties, while the sorts 
which bloom only in the summer have naturally 
been neglected, though perpetual forms have now 
been raised among the Ayrshire, Polyantha, Scotch, 
and Moss classes. The H.P.s and Teas, using the 
terms in their widest and most inclusive sense, 
would thus embrace all the Roses which give the 
finest and most perfect blooms. 
The live-stock-keeper’s adage, that it costs no 
more to keep a good animal than a bad one, may, 
