194 THE BOOK OF THE ROSE CHAP. 
nearly Christmas. The formation of these late buds 
may be promoted by removing all flower buds in the 
summer, till the end of August. 
In a cool house like this nothing but protection is 
aimed at, but that is quite sufficient to make the 
plants bloom much earlier than they would in the 
open air. They should not be pruned before 
January, if there are no means of keeping the frost 
out in severe weather, and in the meanwhile the 
soil should be cultivated and cared for in the usual 
manner. As soon as the plants commence growing, 
however, they will require a good deal of attention, 
and some at least of the many troubles of growing 
Roses under glass will be experienced. 
Every outdoor pest has also to be contended 
against under glass, and mildew, red spider, aphides, 
and thrips are even more troublesome than in the 
open. One of the greatest difficulties is the main- 
taining just the right amount of moisture in the air. 
If there be too much, mildew will probably show 
itself, and may soon make terrible havoc, the tender 
leaves being much less able to resist it than the 
hard foliage of outdoor Roses, at midsummer. 
Incautious ventilation, to dry the air, will probably 
increase the evil, unless the weather outside be very 
mild. If, on the other hand, there be a lack of due 
moisture, red spider and thrips are sure to appear, 
and may do as much damage as the mildew. To 
hold the scales evenly in this matter of moisture is 
one of the most important points of successful cul- 
ture under glass, and it seems difficult to frame any 
special rules on the subject save those that are 
founded on experience, with a knowledge of the 
dangers on either hand. ‘The uninitiated would 
