x ROSES UNDER GLASS 203 
erand sight; but an immense amount of labour, 
care, and time was expended to bring about such an 
astonishing result. There is no real difficulty in the 
matter, as the summer Roses grow freely after the 
bloom is over, and patience and care for several 
years in disbudding and tying out the required 
shoots at the proper distances from each other is all 
that is required. I have been told it would often 
take a man three days to tie out and wire one of 
these big plants. The lower shoots were given 
sufficient lateral direction by long ties fastened to 
Wire surrounding the pot; and these were pruned 
first to give them a start over the central upright 
shoots, which would otherwise get more than their 
share of the sap. A pyramid or cone was the usual 
shape aimed at, but sorts of short stiff growth were 
sometimes trained in globular form. 
For the pruning and training of Maréchal Niel 
and other similar climbing Roses under glass, see 
Chap. VI (p. 108). In this case, if the roots run in 
the outside border, little or no syringing will be re- 
quired, and as a consequence there will be less 
necessity for fresh air in cold weather. 
