84 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 



study the varied phenomena of liuman fiiUure and especially to present to the pnhlic 

 by jneans of exhibits the leading faets of human effort and progress. 



Mueh attention was given to the native American i)eoples and culture, and to the 

 history of the United States, but a symmetrical presentation of race history calls for 

 illustrations from the whole field of anthropology, and all times and all races were 

 made to contribute. 



The group of exhibits presented at the exposition was intended to illustrate the 

 achievements of the race along a few of the more important lines of activity. Each 

 series of objects epitomized thy subject treated and presented the leading stejis of 

 progress in the simplest ])()ssible manner. 



The subjects illustrated were as follows: 



F.rc making and illumination. — The discovery of the use of fire and the making of 

 fire by artificial means was illustrated by a single series of objects. The story began 

 with the fire of volcanoes and lightning, followed by the kindling and keeping of 

 fire, and closed with the utilization of the electric sjiark. Illumination was repre- 

 sented by two series: (1) The torch, and (2) the lamp. 



Tools of (/cncral iisr. — The tools and utensils employed by men in the various arts 

 were arranged in series, beginning with the simplest and ending with the highest 

 forms. Tools of general use were illustrated in eight series, as follows: The ham- 

 mer, the ax (American), the ax (European), the adz, the knife, the saw, the drill, 

 the scraper. 



Wca})0)ifi. — Weapons have performed an important part in the history of man 

 and culture, and the steps that lead up from the stone and club held in the hand 

 to the steel sword and the machine gun were illustrated by two series of objects: 

 (1) Weapons for use in the hand — piercing and slashing weapons; (2) jyrojectile 

 weapons — the bow and arrow, the pistol and the gun. 



Erploltdtire arta. — Of the various exi)loitative or material-acquiring activities so 

 necessary to the sustenance of the race, only one group — the art of fishing — was 

 illustrated. The four series shown were as follows: (1) the dart, (2) the toggle, (3) 

 the hook, (4) the sinker. 



Domestic arts. — The domestic arts were represented by one series illustrating the 

 development of cooking arts, and by three series showing the table utensils employed 

 in eating and drinking — the cup, the spoon, the knife, and fork. The development 

 of the tol)acco jiipe was shown in this connection. 



The great group (»f elaborative activities concerned in manufacture, was illustrated 

 by three exhil)its: the ceramic art, the textile art, and sculi)ture. 



Ceramic art. — Ceramics included four series: (1) implements and devices cmjiloyed 

 in manufacture: (2) the vase, (3) glass, (4) enamel. 



Tcrtile art. — Weaving had three series: (1) the spindle, (2) the shuttle, (3) the 

 loom. 



Scnlpture, stonc-shapiiKj. — Sculpture was represented by four series: (1) prehistoric 

 stone-shaping (Europe), (2) aV)original American sculpture, (3) sculpture of civil- 

 ized nations, (4) implements employed in stone-shaping. 



The hooJc. — A small series w'as devoted to the history of the book, and the method 

 of assembling the several parts— the tablets or writing sheets being the feature 

 considered. 



Musical inMruments. — Four series were devoted to the development of as many 

 varieties of musical instruments: (1) Wind instruments, (2) reed instruments, (3) 

 stringed instruments, (4) i>ercussion instruments. 



Photograph ij. — Photography was represented by three interesting series, showing 

 steps of progress: (1) The camera, (2) the lens, (3) the picture. 



Transportation. — The history of water trunsi)ortation was epitomized in four of its 

 leading features: (1) The development of the hull, (2) methods of hand i)roi)ulsion, 

 (3) the wheel, (4) the screw propeller. 



