518 THE PEOPLING OF THE PHILIPPINES. 



PART 11.^ 



When, on the 18th of March, 1897, I made a communication on the 

 population of the Philippines, a bloody uprising- had In-oken out ever}^- 

 where against the existing Spanish rule. In this uprising a certain 

 portion of the population, and indeed that which had the most valid 

 claim to aboriginality, the so-called Negritos, were not involved. Their 

 isolation, their lack of every sort of political, often indeed of village 

 organization, also their meager numbers, render it conceivable that the 

 greatest changes might go on among their neighbors without their 

 taking such a practical view of them as to lead to their engaging in 

 them. Thus it can be understood how they would take no interest in 

 the further development of the affair. 



Since then the result of the war between Spain and the Americans 

 has been the destruction of Spanish power, and the treaty of Paris 

 brought the entire Philippine Archipelago into the possession of the 

 United States of America. Henceforth the principal interest is 

 centered upon the deportment of the insurgents, who have not only 

 outlived the great war Ix^tween the powers, but are now determined to 

 assert, or win, their independence from the conquerors. These insur- 

 gents, who for brevity afe called Filipinos, belong, as I have remarked, 

 to the light-colored race of so-called Tndios, who are sharply differen- 

 tiated from the Negritos. Their ethnological position is difficult to 

 fix, since numerous mixtures have taken place with immigrant whites, 

 especially with Spaniards, Init also with people of yellow and of brown 

 races — that is, with Mongols and Chinese.^ Perhaps here and there the 

 importance of this mixture on the composite type of the Indies has 

 been overestimated; at least in most places positive proof is not 

 forthcoming that foreign blood has imposed itself upon the bright- 

 colored population. Both history and tradition teach, on the contrary, 

 as also the study of the pM^sical peculiarities of the people, that among 

 the varioiLS tribes differences exist which suggest family traits. To 

 this effect is the testimony of several travelers who have followed one 

 another during a long period of time, as has been developed especially 

 by Blumentritt. 



In this connection it must not be overlooked that all these immigra- 

 tions, howsoever many they be supposed to have been, must have 

 come this way from the west. Indeed, a noteworthy migration from 

 the east is entireh" barred out, if we look no farther back than the Chi- 

 nese and Japanese. On the contrary, all signs point to the assump- 

 tion that from of old, long before the coming of Portuguese and 



^Sitzungsberickte der Koniglichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu 

 Berlin. Berlin, 1899, Vol. Ill, I9th January, pp. 14-26. 



^NoTE. — A brief resume of these many mixtures is given in Tour du Monde, 27th 

 May and 3d June, 1882; see also statement in this translation. — Teanslatok. 



