526 THE PEOPLING OF THE PHILIPPINES. 



with a thick hiy(M- of oalcareous inattor. The bonos thoiu.st'lvcs have 

 an uncoiiiuionly thick, ahuo.st ivory, t'ossil-like appearance. Only tiie 

 outer surface is in places corroded, and on these places saturated with 

 a greenish infiltration. It is to be assumed, therefore, that thry are 

 very old. I ha\'e the impression that they must have been placed here 

 before the discovery of the islands and the introduction of Christianity. 

 Their peculiar appearance, especially their an^'ular form and the thick- 

 ness of the bone, reminds one of crania from other parts of the South 

 Sea, especially those from Chatham and Sandwich Islands. I shall 

 not hei'c go fui'ther into this (piestion, l)ut merely mention that T came 

 to the conclusion that these people must be looked upon as proto- 

 Malayan. 



Th(^ changes which will take place in the political condition of the 

 Philippines ma}' be of little service to scicntitic explorations at lirst; 

 but the study of the population will be surely taken up with renewed 

 energy. Already in America scholars have begun to occupy them- 

 selves therewith. A brief article l)v Dr. Brinton is to be mentioned 

 as the first sign of this.* But should the ardent desire of the Filipinos 

 be realized, that their islands should have political autonomy, it is 

 to be hoped that, out of the patriotic enthusiasm of the population 

 and the scientific spirit of many of their best men, new sources of 

 information will be opened for the history and the development of 

 oriental peoples. Tt) this end it may be here mentioned, by the way, 

 that the connecting links of ancient Philippine history and the cus- 

 toms of these islands, as well with the Melanesians as with tlie Poly- 

 nesians of the south, are yet to be discovered. 



As representatives of these two groups. I present, in closing, two 

 especially well-formed crania from the Philippines. One of them, 

 which shows the marks of antiquity that I have set forth, belongs to 

 Indio (PI. II). It has the high cranial capacity of 1,540 cubic centi- 

 meters, a horizontal circumference of 525 millimeters, and a sagittal 

 circumference of 380 millimeters; its form is hj'psidolicho, quite on the 

 border of mesocephaly: Index of width, 75.3; index of height, 70.3. 

 Besides, it has the appearance of a race capable of development; only, 

 the nose is platyrrhine (index, 52.3), as among so many Malay tribes, 

 and in the left temple it bears a Processus frontalis squamce temporalis 

 developed partly from an enlarged fontanelle. The other skull (PI. Ill) 

 was taken from a Negrito grave of Zamliales by Dr. A. B. Meyer. It 

 makes, at first glance, just as favorable an impression, but its capacity 

 is only 1,182 cubic centimeters; therefore 358 cubic centimeters less 

 than the other. Its form is orthobrachy cephalic; breadth index, 80.2; 

 height index, 70.6. As in single traits of development, so in the meas- 

 surements, the difference and the debased character of this race oljtrude 

 themselves. Only, the nasal index is somewhat smaller; on the whole, 

 the nose has in its separate parts a decidedly pithecoid form. 



' The Peoples of the Philippines, Washington, D. C. , 1898. American Anthropologist. 



