NATIVE TKIBES OF THE rHlLlPPlNES. 529 



^ord Luzon (with A. Schadenberg-). Vol. IX, same jseiies. l,sii8, U, 

 Negritos. Album von Philippinen, Typen, 32 plates, Dresden. .Sten- 

 gel & Co., 1885, 4-. Album von Philippinen, Typen, Nord Luzon 

 (with A. Schadenberg), 50 plates, Dresden, Stengel & Co., 1S1»1, 4-. 

 The map accompanying this paper is from Blumentritt\s R^izas del 

 Archipelago Filipino, in the Bulletin of the Geographic Society of 

 Madrid, 1890. 



O. T. Mason. 



PHILIPPINE TRIBES AND LANOUAGES. 



Notwithstanding the rich literature concerning the peoples and lan- 

 guages of the Philippine Archipelago, there isjio book or pul)Iication 

 in which are catalogued the names of the tribes and the languages, and 

 this appears the more inexcusable, since both Spanish and Philippine 

 writers, with few exceptions, handle these names very carelessly, so 

 that great confusion must ensue. The prevailing bad form in the 

 Philippines, of transferring the name of one people or family (Stanmi) 

 to another, who possess similarities of any kind with the first, either 

 in manner of life, or even only in culture grade in the Avid(>st sense of 

 the term,^ has its counterpart in a second bad fashion of making sev- 

 eral peoples out of one by replacing the folk name with the tribal 

 names. ^ Only with the greatest pains and thought is it possil)le to 

 extricate one's self from this labyrinth of nomenclature. After 

 thorough search, I am convinced that man}^ names reported to me 

 must be eliminated, since the}' owe their existence to mistakes in pen- 

 manship or printing, to ridicule, misunderstanding, or error, as I have 

 proved in single instances. However, I have been convinced that by 

 a closer and intelligent exploration of the archipelago, it would not 

 only be possible to make many corrections, particularly in oi-thography. 

 but that new names would also be added, especially from northern 

 Luzon and from the interior of other islands. 



I have introduced into this catalogue all the variations of published 

 names known to me, and briefly the description of tribal locations 

 and reports on their culture grades, especially their religion. Besides 

 the Negritos, I diflercntiate only Malay peoples (StamiiM') in general, 

 because here regard for difterent principles of grouping and subdivid- 

 ing of the Malay race would appear to serve no good end and perhaps 

 prove troulilesome. Obsolete forms of nanu's are carefully marked 

 with a cross (t). Where I, as with the Talaos, Mardicas, and ( af res. 

 take note of foreign peoples or castes on the islands, it is because 

 Spanish authors have erroneously set them down as Philippine. On 

 the other hand, in order to draw attention to a few names customar}' 



^Compare the article: I-orrotes. 'Compare the articles: Quiangan and SiHimn. 

 SM 99 34 



