NATIVE TEIBES OF THE PHILIPPINES. 541 



las islas Filipinas," (Madrid, 1870), and quoting V. Barrantos, the com- 

 mon lang-uag-e of commerce of :Malaneo- (province of Cagavan) is so called ; 

 but on the last named also (only) Ibanag is spoken. ' Other authors 

 understand by this the language of the Nabayuganes or that of the 

 Calaluas. The suspicion is also well founded that l)y MahuuM- is meant 

 a lingua franca made up from various tongues. ' It is difficult to 

 extract the truth from these conflicting accounts. 



Mamdnuas.—K Negrito people inhal)iting the interior of Surigsio 

 Peninsula (northeast Mindanao). Semper and others have called them 

 a bastard race, but the Jesuit missionaries, who have turned a great 

 number of them to Christianity, call them "los verdaderos negn-jtos 

 aborigines de Mindanao." [On the ]\lamanuas consult A. B. :Nreyer, 

 Distribution of the Negritos, Dresden, 1809, p. 17— Translator.] 



Mananapes.—X heathen people alleged to dwell in the interior of 

 Mindanao, possibly a tribe of Buquidnones or ]Manol)os. 



Man.daya. — In some authors this is the name of the Apayas language, 

 which is somewhat doubtful. 



Ifandayas. — A bloodthirsty Malay and ])right-colored head-hunting 

 people in the comandancia of Bislig and the district of Davao (Min- 

 danao). The}^ are heathen, partly converted to Christianitv by the 

 Jesuits. 



Mancayaos. — Not a separate people, but merely the warriors among 

 the Manobos, who carry lances. 



Mcmguangao. — Under this name the Jesuits near C'atel (comandancia 

 Bislig, east Mindanao) characterized the heathen inhabitants. By the 

 same authors the heathen living on the upper tributaries of the Rio 

 Agusan, Rio Manat, and Rio Batutu are called ^Nlanguangas and Man- 

 gulangas (forest people). Pere Pastells identities Manguangao and 

 Mangulangas and says that they inhabit the head waters of the Rio 

 Salug (which does not agree with ]Montano's conununications). From 

 all which it results that Manguangas is a collective name ajid stands in 

 connection with that of the Dulanganes and Guiangas. Perhaps all 

 the folk named belong to one people. They are heathen and of the 



Malay race. 



J/fmgrw2'«n€.§.— The heathen, unaffiliated natives inhabiting the interior 



of Mindoro, RomlJon, and Tablas. Manguian (forest people) is a col- 

 lective nauie of ditlerent languages and races. According to R. Jor- 

 dana, the Manguianes of Mindoro are divided into four blanches, one 

 of which, Bukil or Buqucl, is a 1)astard race of Negritos, while a second 

 in external appearance reminds one of Chinese Mestizos, and on that 

 account it is to be regarded as a Mongoloid type. The other two are 

 pure Malay. To the name :V[anguianes (which calls to mind Magu- 

 langas) specially l)elong only (1) those Manguianes who liv.> in the 

 mountains near Mangarin and (2) only those betweiMi Socol aii<l Btda.ao 

 who dwell on the river banks. The remaining tribes bear dillerent 



