ae THE FIG: ITS HISTORY, CULTURE, AND CURING. 
Those varieties which differ very much in more important points 
might also be classified as species. 
Many genera which resemble each other in several important points 
are grouped in a large group called a ‘‘ family.” Thus the genus Rosa, 
together with other genera, are grouped in the general family Rosacece. 
The fig and mulberry are placed in the same family, to which is given 
the Latin name Moree. 
STRUCTURE OF A COMMON FLOWER. 
As repeated references are made to the various parts of a fig flower, 
a short description of the structure of a flower is given. 
By a flower is designated that particular part of a plant which 
produces the pol- 
len and the seed, 
and its various 
POLLEN CELLS & TUBES 
<= 
2 (exes y, 
Lo parts are espe- 
SaG--ANTHER , 
HH oe cially adapted for 
\ BL poview TUBE both the produe- 
| tion of pollen and 
CAPSULES seed as well as 
ANTIPODAL CELLS. 
ANTHER FILAMENT 
Hi d 
ove — ET 
for the protection 
WIE: z = and benefit of the 
sie ere il ; ” AAI, poate. generative organs 
ig =, 2 eae 
RECA COATING \ FH Vi SYNERGID CELLS producing them. 
OF OVULE \ Life STEM OF OVULE In order that seed 
es COATIN may be generated 
OVULE 
HONE Y GLANDS the flower  pos- 
FUNNEL SHAPED sesses two distinct 
OPENING TO THE yarts, which have 
NUCELLUS FLORAL ENVELOPE = Parts, é 
different functions 
in the process of 
generation. These 
parts are known as male and female, and both of them must be pres- 
ent in order that seed may be produced. 
These parts may either be found both in the same flower or one 
kind may be found in one flower, the other kind in another flower, or 
the two kinds may be found on two individual trees. In other words, 
we have flowers which contain both male and female organs, and we 
have flowers which are either male or female; or we have trees and 
plants of which different individuals carry either male or female flow- 
ers only. The female organ of a flower is called pistil; the male 
organ is known as stamen. The stamens are generally present in 
large number and situated in a ring around the ovary, which is 
found generally in the center of the flower. Surrounding both these 
organs are one or more rows of petals and sepals, known by a common 
name—perianth or floral envelope—but popularly though wrongly 
Fria. 1.—A diagrammatic representation of a common flower. 
