WAR «Oo IZY 
PICEA CE: 
The earliest observations on which this bulletin is based were begun 
many years ago, during the author’s visit to the fig districts of the 
Mediterranean countries. Later on investigations were made in Mex- 
ico, Central America, and California, principally in the latter. 
My researches have been greatly aided by many friends and sympa- 
thizers. Among the officials of the United States Department of Agri- 
culture I have received much help and encouragement from Dr. L. O. 
Howard, Chief of the Division of Entomology, while Col. Gustavus B. 
Brackett and Mr. William A. Taylor, the former, Chief and the latter 
Assistant Pomologist, have assisted me in every possible manner at 
much sacrifice of their own valuable time. Mr. E. A. Schwarz, of the 
Division of Entomology, has given me much information about the 
Blastophaga, and helped me in regard to the literature, from which he . 
has made extracts for my use. Mr. Newton Bb. Pierce, of the Division 
of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology, has contributed two photo- 
graphs taken by him in Sicily. The Paddock & Fowler Company, of 
New York, has kindly given me for publication a number of photo- 
graphs illustrating the packing of figs, ete., taken by them for special 
use in this bulletin. From foreign scientists I have received aid from 
Graf Solms-Laubach, of Germany, and from Dr. Paul Mayer, of 
Naples, both having sent me rare and valuable caprifigs for trial in 
this country. In California I have repeatedly had assistance from 
Mr. E. W. Maslin, Mr. Felix Gillet, Mr. George O. Mitchell, Mr. John C. 
Jones, Mr. G. P. Rixford, and Dr. W. J. V. Osterhout. Iam especially 
indebted to Mr. John Rock, of Niles, without whose assistance this 
bulletin could never have been published in its present form. Besides 
his own collection of figs he has also cared for that imported by the 
United States Government from the Royal Horticultural Society of 
London, both collections having been at my disposal for experiment 
and study. Dr. Peder 8. Bruguiere, of San Francisco, has taken for 
my use a number of photographs illustrating figs and fig trees, some 
of which are used in this memoir. To these genilemen, as well as to 
all others who have aided me in my work, I wish here to express my 
gratitude. 
Gustav EISEN. 
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