282 THE FIG: ITS HISTORY, CULTURE, AND CURING. 
wasps in the profichi (according to observation of Mr. John C. Jones), The 
fig was first imported by Mr. Fred. Roeding from Smyrna. 
Schwarz—Solms-Laubach No, 4.—Insectiferous profichi, about 24 inches 
long by 14} inches wide. Neck distinct and well set, the narrow part one-half 
inch or solong. Skin smooth, but not waxy, slightly wrinkled and with many 
indistinct and narrow ribs. The ribs are darker than the skin and thefig ~ 
appears striped. Color of skin deep mahogany-brown violet, shading tolighter 
on the side and neck. Eye large, somewhat protrudiug, with small red scales 
4 
and a distinct dark iris. outside of which is a hard and light-colored zone, indi- 
cating the extent of the maie-flower zone. Male-flowers fill not only the zone 
around the eye, but extend far down the sides of the receptacle in streaks. 7 
Pollen not abundant. Meat is yellow, streaked violet and red. Treeisrobust, 
with strong branches. Leaves below medium, 5-lobed as arule, but some are 
also 3-lobed, rather entire in outline. Average leaf about 6 inches long by 7 
inches wide. Many profichi left on August 24. Many mammoni of the size 
of a pea at that date, the largest being | inch in diameter. They commenced 
setting about August1. This fine caprifig was also received from Professor 
Solms-Laubach, Naples, Italy. Now named for E. A. Schwarz, of the United 
States Department of Agriculture, whose investigations on caprification and 
the blastophaga are of the gveatest value. 
Small Wild.—Under this name, Barron mentions a small, white caprifig, 
native of Spain. Another caprifig of larger size he calls LARGE WILD. 
Smyrna No. 2—Insectiferous profichi; turbinate, about 24 inches long by 
14 inches wide. Neck thin, distinct, and well set. Ribs many, indistinct. 
Eye medium, ambercolor. Skinsmooth, glossy, pale green. Cavity of recep- 
tacle shallow, rounded. A deep violet margin around the cavity. Excellent 
for carrying wasps in the mamme. (Mr.John C. Jones.) Topdense, growth 
strong and upright. Leaves smaller than in Smyrna No. 1, with rough sur- 
face, 5-lobed, the end lobe the longest. Leaf is longer than wide and with 
long stalks. First imported by F. Roeding. 
Smyrna No. 38—Profichi in size and color as Milco, rounded turbinate and 
greenish yellow. Male flowers abundant. (Gall flowers numerous. Color of 
flesh white with purp!etint; not edible. Tree a strong, upright grower, with 
slender branches and small leaves. The best of the Smyrna varieties, accord- 
ing to Dr. Schwarz and Mr. J. C. Jones. 
Solms-Laubach—Solms-Laubach No. 1.—Insectiferous profichi about 3 
inches long by 23 inches wide. Form lopsided, turbinate, with about 10 double 
ribs, especially distinct on the neck. Skin somewhat waxy and not downy. 
Neck distinct but short, the narrow part being about one-half inch long. 
Color dull mahogany brown, with violet flush in sun, the shaded side being 
green. Eye medium, with brownish black scales. No distinct iris. Pol- 
leniferous exterior zone not prominent. Male flowers numerous and full of 
pollen, situated mostly around the throat, though single male flowers are 
scattered all through the cavity of thereceptacle. Meat yellowish white, with 
a few violet streaks. Mammoni begin to set at Niles about August 24. A 
number of insectiferous profichi left at that date. Tree slender, growth 
weak but dense. Leaves small, green, 5-lobed, deeply cut, and about 5 inches 
in diameter. Received from Professor Solms-Laubach, Naples. 
Swingle—Algiers No. 3; Capri Smyrna No. 4.—Mamme large, greenish- 
yellow, with an abundance of gall flowers. This tree was imported by the 
Department of Agriculture from Algiers and was the originai tree from which 
the blastophaga on the Roeding place emerged in the spring of 1899, and from 
which all blastophaga in California have descended. The true name is not 
known by the writer. This tree does well at Niles. It isnow named for Dr. 
Walter T. Swingle, of the Department of Agriculture, through whose agency 
the blastophagee were first successfully established in California. 
Taylor—Troano; Italian No. 1.—Insectiferous profichi medium, of a light- 
green color, with a purple tint. Mammoni large, round, and very early, the 
earliest of any variety so far under examination. Leaves large, shallow, 
3-lobed or entire, about 8 by 9 inches long, very stiff. Growth medium, 
spreading. This variety was received from the Department of Agriculture, 
Washington, several years ago under the name of Troano. It is presumably 
an Italian variety, having been received by the Department under a wrong 
name. On account of its very early mammoni this caprifig will prove very 
desirable. As it is entirely hopeless to ever expect any identification of the 
Italian caprifigs which even in their native country do not possess special 
names, I have named this variety after Mr. William A. Taylor, Assistant 
Pomologist, United States Department of Agriculture, who has done much to 
promote the cultivation of the fig in the United States. 
