89 



in towns Avhere the prcvuiling fuel is of this character, and 

 the bloom will not eonipare with those produced some ten 

 miles distant. "The first effect of the smoke is to pre- 

 vent the flower buds from opening freely, next to diminish 

 their number; the leaves then gradually become smaller, 

 and the length of the shoots less, after which the plant 

 ■weakens by degrees, and in a few years, if a standard, it 

 dies altogether, or, if a dwarf, barely exists, and seldom 

 if ever flowers." 



Such a result, from such a cause, is rarely known here, 

 and the resident of the city may have his little yard filled 

 with roses whose bloom will be in no way inferior to that 

 of the plants in an extensive lawn or garden. 



PLANTING. 



All those roses that bloom only once in the year, and 

 also the Perpetuals, or Remontant Roses, can be planted 

 in autumn, after the first severe frost. The ends of the 

 roots, which have been broken in taking up, will then form 

 a callus, and the soil will be so thoroughly settled about 

 the roots by the winter rains, that the plant will com- 

 mence forming new roots early in the spring, and will rap- 

 idly make strong and luxuriant shoots. As far north as 

 New York and its vicinity, the Bourbons and the Bengal, 

 with their sub-classes, being more delicate, should not be 

 planted until spring. 



If the subsoil is wet and retentive of moisture, the 

 planting of any roses should be deferred until spring, but 

 from our preceding remarks it will be borne in mind that 

 such soil should be well drained before planting, in which 

 case the autumn will still answer. 



Tiie plant should be taken up carefully, with all the root 

 possible, bearing in mind that the elements of life are in 

 the root, and every fibre that is lost is so much taken from 

 the future health and prosperity of the plant. The root 



