SUMMER [Chap. 



row tillage. In the case of corn, it would be of 

 no use at all. 



112. There is one thing yet to be observed on, 

 with regard to the ploughing ; and this is a mat- 

 ter that gentlemen must attend to with great 

 scrupulousness, and with great resolution. Farm- 

 ers will have the thing done without any cere- 

 mony ; but, gentlemen must resolve to have it 

 done. I have spoken of the ploughings between 

 the corn as being to be performed by two oxen 

 or horses. In very light ground it may be done 

 with one, with a pair of reins, with a swing 

 plough well made and light; but generally it 

 will be done by two, for, the deeper the plough- 

 ing is the better. 



113. Unless the plough be so drawn, or so 

 geared as they call it : that is to say, unless the 

 things by which it is drawn be what they ought 

 to be, the corn-plants will, at the second plough- 

 ing, be knocked down, or at least very much 

 ])roken or bruised by the things which are made 

 use of for attaching the horses or oxen to the 

 plough. In the first place, the Jiead-piece of the 

 plough, which is a piece of iron, with knotches 

 in it, to which are fastened the hooks the cattle 

 draw by ; this head-piece is about nine inches 

 wide, and has several divisions in it for the pur- 

 pose of shifting the hook. After this (towards 



