SUMMER [Chap, 



are hooked the two traces, which are fastened 

 to the collar of each of the cattle. Now, 

 observe, all this tackle can he used without the 

 smallest inconvenience at the first ])Ion(/hm(/ of the 

 corn ; because one of the oxen or horses walks in 

 the furrow, and the end of his ivhippons will ride 

 so high as not to touch the corn plants at all. 

 But, at the next ploughing, the corn will be pro- 

 bably two feet high or more, and the ends of the 

 whippons would bruise or break them. You 

 must, therefore, now, not plough with the cattle 

 abreast, but singly ; that is to say, they must 

 follow one another at their work ; and, as the 

 ground has been so recently twice ploughed, it 

 will move without any great strength, and the 

 work may be done by one ox, or one horse ; but 

 it is done lest by two, for, the deeper the plough- 

 ing is, the better it is. 



115, Supposing the ox (for I will use this 

 word alone now, it being understood, that the 

 same directions apply to the horse) to have his 

 traces hooked on to the bolt, still one end of the 

 bolt would knock the corn about. Yet, the 

 traces must be kept pretty widely apart ; or else, 

 they gall the sides and thighs of the ox. A 

 short BOLT, therefore ; one about fifteen inches 

 long instead of three feet, is the thing; to this 

 BOLT the two traces may be fastened; but, as 

 they would still gall the sides of the ox, and both 



