20 BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



Family APHRIZID^.— The Tiirnstones. 



Chae. Blither small, plover-like biril^. differing from the true Plovers (CliaradrUdw) 

 chiefly in the more robust feet, without trace of web between the toes, the well-rteveloped 

 hind toe, and the strong claws; the toes with a lateral margin, forming a broad flat under- 

 surfaee (especially in jiphriza); the bill of one genus {Arenaria) peculiar. The two genera 

 may be distinguished by the following chara<'ters: 

 Arenaria, Bill compressed and pointed terminally, somewhat upturned at the end, the eul- 



men straight or even slightly concave: tarsus not longer than the bill: tail slightly 



rounded. 

 Anhriza. Bill slightly swollen terminally, the terminal portion of the culmen decidedly 



convex; tarsus decidedly longer than the bill; tail slightly emarginated. 



Genii.s arenaria Brisso.x. 



Arenaria Bbiss. Orn. v, 1700, 132. Type, Tringa interpret Linn. 



Strepsilas IlLlOER, Prodromus. 1811, 2C3. Same type. 



Char. Form robust, the head small, neck short, wings long and pointed, feet stout. 

 Bill straight along the culmen (or else slightly concave above), somewhat upturned termi- 

 nally, compressed toward the end and pointed. Wings reaching beyond the tail, the first 

 primary longest, the tertials not reaching to the end of the primaries. Tail slightly rounded. 

 Tarsus decidedly longer than the middle toe, the latter shorter than the bill. 



Arenaria interpres (Linn.) 



TURNSTONE. 



Popular synonyms. Calico-back; BranI Bird; Chicaric (Plymouth Bay, Mass.). 



Tringa interpres Linn. S. N. ed. ID, i, ITftS, 148; od. 12, i, 1766, 218.— WlLS. Am. Orn. vii. 

 1813. 32. pi. Ivii. 

 Strepsilas interpres iLLia. Prodr. 1811. 2113.— Swains. F. B.-A. ii. 18:il, 371.— Nutt. Man. 

 Water Birds, 1834. 30.— AUD. Orn. Biog. iv, 1838, :!1, pi. 304: SynoD. 1839, 227; Birds Am. 

 V. 1842, .T31, pi. 323.— Baibd, B. N. Am. 18!;S. 701 ; Cat. N. Am, B. 1S5;>. No. ,">15.— CouES. 

 Key, 1872. 24«; Check List. 1874, No. 406; 2d ed. 1882, No. 5i«.— RnJOW. Nom. N. Am. B. 

 1881, No. 50i).-B. B. & R. Water B. N. Am. i, 1884, ll!l, 

 Arenaria interpres Vieii.l. Gal. Ois. ii, 1831. 102.-A. O. U. Check List. 1886. No. 283.— 



RiDow. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, ISO. 

 Morinella interpres Stejn. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. iv, 1882, 32, 

 Tringa inorinellns Linn. S. N. i, 1766, 2l!i (young), 

 fUrepsilas collaris Tkmm. Man. ii, 1820. 5.''i3. 

 "Vliaradrius cinchis Pallas" (Baird, 1. c.) 



Hab. Sea-coasts of nearly all countries; in America, from Greenland and Alaska to 

 Chili and Brazil; in the interior, more or less common along the shores of the Groat Lakes 

 and larger rivers. 



