(•HARADKIIDli— THE PLOVERS. 23 



Bill very largo (as long as, or longer than middle toe), the terminal half ol 

 the culmon much arch<>d, the base of the gonys forming a decided angle; 

 tarsus about one and one halt times to nearly twice as long as middle 

 toe Subgenus Ochlhodromua 



Bill slender, wide at base, much longer than middle too; tarsus more than 

 twice as long as middle toe Subgenus I'odasoci/s. 



Genus CHARADRIUS Liwicrs. 

 SuBGExiw Squatarola Cuvier. 



Sqtiatnrola CuviEn, Rog. Anim. i, 1817. lf.7. 'J'ypo, Trmaa siiuatarahi Linn. 



Chab. a rudimentary hind toe. Legs reticulated with elongated hexagons anteriorly, 

 of which there are five or six in a transverse row; fewer behind. First primary longest. 

 Tail slightly rounded. 



But a single sijecies of this subficmis is known, this beiiifi' the 

 welI-l<nown "Beetle-head" or "Bull-head" Plover of eastern 

 fjunnei's, a bird of nearly cosmopolitan distribution. 



Charadrius squatarola (Linn.) 



BLACK BELLIED PLOVER. 

 Popular synonyms. Beetle-head or Bull-head; Plover of tasleru gunners and sportsmen: 



Bottle-head: Black-breast. 

 Tringa squatarola Linn. S. N. ed. 10, 17.W, !!!•; ed. 12, 176(1, 252. 

 Charadrius squatarola Naum. Vog. Dout.schl. vii, 1834, 250.— A. (). U. Check List. 1886, 

 No. 270.-Rn>GW. Man. N. Am. B. 1887. 173. 

 Tringa helvetica Linn. S. N. ed. 12, 1766. 250. 

 Squatarola helvetica Cuv.— Cass, in Baird's B. N. Am. 1X58, 697.— Baied, Cat. N. Am. B. 

 18,59. No. .SIO.- CouES, Key, 1872, 213; Check List, 1874, No. 395; 2d c^d. 1882, No. .580 : Bird.n 

 N. W. 1874, 4-18.-RIDGW. Nom. N. Am. B. 18S1. No. 513.— B. B. & U. Water B. N. Am. i, 

 1884. 132. 

 Charadrius helreticus Licht.-Nutt. Man. ii, 1831, 26. AuD. Orn. Biog. iv, ISW, 2sn. pi. 

 334; Synop. 18.3'.), 221; Birds Am. v, 1812 199, pi. 31.5. 

 Charadrius npricarins WlI.SON. Am. Orn. vii, 181.3, 41. 

 Hab. Nearly cosmopolitan, but chiefly the northern hemisphere; breeding in the ex- 

 treme northern parts of its range, migrating in winter to southern portions, expending, in 

 America, as far as Brazil and Colombia. Bermudas, an 1 throughout the West Indies. 



8p. Chab. Bill and legs strong; wings long; a very small rudimentary hind lue. Sum- 

 mer plumage: Around the ba.so of the bill to the eyes, neck before, and under parts of 

 body, blBfk; upper parts grayish white, nearly pure and unspotted on the forehead; sides 

 ol the neck and rump tinged with ashy, and having irregular transverse spots of brownish 

 black on the back, scapulars, and wlng-eoverts; the brownish black frequently predomi- 

 nating on those parts, and the rump also frenuontly with transverse bars of the sami'. 

 Lower part of the abdomen, tibia, and under tail-i-overts, white. Quills brownish black, 

 lighter on their inner webs, with a middle portion of their shafts white, and a narrow longi- 

 tudinal stripe of white frequently on the shorter primaries and seconilarlos. Tall while, 

 with transverse imperfect narrow bunils of black. The bla<;k color of the under parts gen- 

 erally with a faint bronzed or coppiry lustre, and presenting a scale-like appearance; the 

 brownish black of the upper parts with a greinisli lustre. Bill and legs black; iris brown. 

 Younger and winter plumage : Entire upper parts dark brown, with circular and irregular 

 small spots of white, and frequently of yellow, most numerous on tho wing-coverts; upper 



