CHAKADKIID.K — THE I'LOVEHS. 25 



Charailrius pilvHS var. Kirgiuirns CouES.Koy, 1872.243: Clieck List. 1871, No. 326; Birds 

 N. W. 1874, 449 (synonymy). 

 (Jharadrius marmoratus Wagl.— AuD. Orn. Biog. v, 18:19, 575. pi. 300: Synop. 1839, 222; 

 Birds Am. v, 1842. 203, pi. 31(i. 



Had. America in general, from the Arctic coast (including Greenland) to Paraguay and 

 Chili; breeiling in the arctic and subarctic districts, winter migrant to southern localities. 



"Sp. Chab. Bill rather short, legs moderate, wings long, no hind toe, tarsus covered be- 

 fore and boliind with small circular or hexagonal scales. Smamer ijlumage: Upper parts 

 brownish black, with numerous small circular and irri'gular spots of golden yellow, most 

 numerous on the back and rump, and on the upper tail-coverts assuming the form of trans- 

 verse bands generally: also with some spots of ashy white. Entire under parts black, with 

 a brownish or bronzed lustre, under tail-coverts mixed or barred with white. Forehead, 

 border of the black of the neck, under tail-coverts, and tibia?, white ; axillary feathers cinere- 

 ous; auills dark brown; middle portion of the shafts white, frequently extending slightly to 

 the webs and forming longitudinal stripes on the shorter quills; tail dark brown, with 

 numerous irregular bands of ashy white, aud freiiuently tinged with golden yellow; bill 

 black; legs dark bluish brown. Winter plnraage {young andadiiU): Under parts dull aihy, 

 spotted with brownish on the neck and breast, frequently more or less mixed with black; 

 many spots of the upper parts dull ashy white; other spots, especially on the rump, golden 

 yellow. 



"Total length, 9.50 inches; wing, 7.00; tail, 2.50; culmen, .92; tarsus, 1.70; middle toe, 90. 



"Specimens vary in the relative amount of the bliick and golden on the upper parts, in 

 the width of the white on the forehead, and other details of coloration. Careful measure- 

 ments of twi'nty-six specimens afford the loUowing results:— jS/e!i«n sitevimens in summer 

 l/bimage: Wing, 6.80-7.35, average, 7.11; culmen, .85-1.00, average, .91; tarsus, 1.60-1.85, 

 average, 1.73; middle foe, .85-1.05, average, .91. Six adults in changing plumage: Wing, 6.90- 

 7.30, average, 7.12; culmen, .90-1.00, average, .96; tarsus, 1.65-1.82, average, 1.70; middle toe, 

 ,80-. 95, average, .90. Seven specimens in winter plumage Imostly young): Wing, 6.80-7.20, 

 average, 7.03; cjlmen, .80-1.00, average, .91; tarsus, 1.55-1.7."), average, 1.66; middle toe, .85-.95, 

 average, .87. Average of the whole series: Wing, 7.09; culmen. .91; tarsus, 1.70; middle 

 tee, .90." {Water JS. N. Am.) 



In Cook county, this species is, according- to Mr. Nelson, "a 

 very abundant migrant," arriving "in large Hocks early in April, 

 and at this time the black of the breeding plumage has just be- 

 gun to mottle their white breasts. Frequents wet praries until 

 the last of the month, when it generally departs. Sometimes a 

 few remain as latt? as May 5, and are then in perfect bie(^ding 

 dress. Returning earl\' in Septenilx^r, witli (lie fall plumage just 

 appearing, it remains until Oitober." 



Ge.nts ^GIALITIS Hoik. 

 StittiE.Nis Oxyechus Ui;i(iii;.N'HArn. 



lUyerhuK ItEIOB., Av. Syst. 185.1, Inlrod. p. xviii. Typo, Charadrins ruci/erns [.inn. 



Chab. Bill small, slender, about e<iual to the middle toe (without mill): tarsus nearly 

 twice as long as middle too; tall long (about two thirds as king as th" wings), renvlilng halt 

 Its length beyond the ends of the primaries, graduated, the lateral feathers about .75 shorter 

 than the middle pair; lump difTcrent in color from the back. 



