SCOLOPACID.K — THE SNIPE FAMILY. 33 



5. Hioropalama. Bill and legs much olongaled, the former murh com- 

 pressed, I'xcept at end; tarsus twice as loneas middle toe; size medium: 



I). Ereunetes. Bill and legs moderately elongated, or rather short, the 

 former scarcely, if at all, compressed ; tarsus much less than twice the 

 middle toe; size small. 



b. Feathers on the forehead not reaching to the nostril; anterior toes all cleft 

 to the base. 



5. A well-developed hind toe. 



7. Tringa. 



Tarsus one third its length longer than the middle toe and claw; toes 

 stout, the middle aliout half as long as the l>ill; bill stout, straight. 

 Middle pair of rectrices not longer than the rest. Size rather large 

 (wing more than 6.00) Subgenus Tringa. 



Tarsus shorter than the middle toe and claw; toes slender, the middle 

 two thirds or three fourths as long as the bill ; bill slender, much com- 

 pressed, straight, or very sUghtly decurved at the end; size medium 

 (wing less than G.OO) Subgenus Arqna fella. 



Tarsus about equal to the bill; bill straight, moderately slender; toes 

 slender, the middle one decidedly shorter than the tarsus; size medium 

 to very small Subgenus A ctodromas. 



Bill very long (nearly as long as the tarsus and the middle toe), decid- 

 edly decurved terminally ; toes slemler, the middle one decidedly shorter 



than the tarsus Subgenera PeHdnn and Ancylnrheilus. 



ii. No hind toe. 



8. Calidris, Size rather small; bill short, straight, expanded at end. 



c. Feathers of forehead not reaching to nostril; a web between outer and 

 middle toes at base (between all in Sumphemia). 



1.' Gape not extending back of the culmen. 

 3. Limosa. Size large (wing 8.00 or more); bill much longer than tarsus, 

 tapering toward the end, where slightly but decidedly upturned, the 

 lateral groove extending nearly to the tip. 

 1." Gape extending deciiledly back of the base of the culmen. 

 2.' Lateral groove of the maxiUaextending scarcely more than half way 



to end of bill. 

 3.' Bo^'k of tarsus covered \vith transverse scutellie, as in front. 



10. Tetanus. No wob between inner and middle toes; size medium to large 

 (but wing always less than 8 inches). 



Middle toe not more than half as long as tarsus Subgenus Totanus. 



Middle toe nearly as long as tarsus Subgenus fletodromas. 



11. Bymphemia. A well-developed wob between base of inner and middle 

 toes; a large white patch on base of primaries; size large (wing more 

 thanSincheti). 



3." Back of tarsus covered with small roundish scales. 



12. Heteraotitii. No web between base of inner and middle toes; size 

 medium (wing less than eight inches). 



2. " Lati'ral gioove of maxilla extending nearly to tip of bill. 



13. f avonoella. Size large (wing 7 inches or more) ; tail short (less than half 

 the wing), rounded. Adult male with the neck ruffed and anterior por- 

 tion of head bare. 



U. Bartramia. Size largo (wing nearly 7 inches): tail lengthened (more 

 than half the wing), graduated. Atiull male without ru(T, the anterior 

 part of the head normally feathered. 



IS. Aotitis. Size small (wine loss than t.'iO): tail rather lengthened (more 

 than half thi; wing), graduated. 



d. Feathers of the forehead reaching to and partly enclosing the nostril; an- 

 terior toes all cleft at the base. 



—5 



