66 BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



Bartramia longicauda (Bechst.) 



BAETEAM'S SANDPIPEB. 



Popular synonyms. Bartramian Tatler ; Field Plover; Upland Plover ; Prairie Plover. 

 Tringa longicauda BeoasT. Uebers. Lath. Ind. Orn. ii,lfil2, 453. 

 Bartramius longicaudus Bonap. Bev. et Mag. Zool. xx, 1S57. 511. 



Bartramia longicauda CouEs, Bull. N. O. C. Apr. 1S80, 100; Cheek List, 2a ed. 1882, No. 

 640. -EiDGW. Norn. N. Am. B. 1882, No. 555; Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 169.-B. B. &B. 

 Water B. N. Am. i, 1884, 296.— A. O. U. Cheek List. 1886. No. 261. 

 Tringa harlraiiiia WlLS. Am. Oru. vii, 1813, 63. pi. 59, flg. 2.— AUD. Synop. 1839, 231; B. 

 Am. V, 1842, 248, pi. 327. 

 Tringa (EuUga) bartramia Nutt. Man. ii, 18:31, 168. 

 Totanus bartramius Temm. 1820.— Sw. & Rich. F. B.- A. ii. 1831.391.— AuD.Orn.Biog. 



iv. 1838, 24, pi. 303. 

 Actiturus bartramius Bo'Si.F.lSSl.—CiLSS. in Baird's B. N. Am. 18.58, 737.— Eaibd, 

 Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, No. 545.— CouES, Key, 1872, 260; Clieck List, 1874, No. 438: Birds 

 N. W. 1874, 502. 



Hab. Eastern Province of North America, misrating south to Brazil and Peru, and ex- 

 tending north to the interior of Alaska and to Nova Seotia. Breeds throughout its North 

 American range. Occasional in Em-ope. 



Sp. Chae. Bill about as long as the head, rather wide and flattened at base, slightly 

 ovu-ved at the tip; nostril with a large membrane; nasal groove long; wing long; tail long 

 for this group; legs moderate or rither long; lower halt of the tibia naked; toes moderate, 

 the outer and middle united by a membrane, inner and middle freo to the base, hind toe 

 small. Adult: Above, grayish brown, the feathers paler and more oohraceous t'lwan! 

 their edges, spotted and barred with black; head and neck (except throat) sti'eaked with 

 blackish: crown blackish, divided by a mesial line of buff; throat, belly, and crissum plain 

 buffy white; axillars pure white and clear dusky slate in regular bars of nearly equal 

 width; tail feathers (except middle pair) creamy buff, broadly tipped with white, crossed by 

 a broad subterminal black spot, and with a few irregular narrow bars anterior to this: 

 outer webs of primaries plain dusky slate, the inner webs with wide transverse bars of white 

 on the outer quill, on the others broken into a confused mottling. Rump and upper tail- 

 coverts nearly uniform blackish, the lateral feathers of the latter with their outer webs 

 partly white. Yoimg: Similar to the adult, but the buff of the head, jugulum. wings, etc.. 

 much deeper, the streaks on the foruneok and jugulum much le-ss distinct, and the back 

 plain black, the feathers bordered with buff. "Bill yellowish green, the tip dusky, the 

 edges toward the base yellow; iris dark hazel; logs and tarsi hght yellowish gray, toes 

 rather darker, claws brownish black". Downy yming: Above coarsely and irregularly 

 mottled with bUujk on a grayiNh-whito ground, tinged \vith light rusty. Lower parts bufiCy 

 white, with about ihioo blackish spots on the Hanks, one beneath the eye, a smaller one on 

 the lores, about half-way between the bill and the eye, and a large, nearly vertical, one 

 back of the ears. 



Total length, about 12 inches; wing, 6.30-7.00; culmeu, 1.10-1.15; tarsus. 1.90—1.95; middle 

 toe, .90-1.05. 



To the residents of tlie ])raine districts of our State, tiie "Up- 

 land Plover," or "Field Plover," ;i8 this bird is usually named, 

 is as familiar a bird as the Prairie Chicken or Meadowlark. 

 The followinf>- observations by Mr. Nelson, will apply to almost 

 any jiortioii of the State with reference to this species: 



