CICONnDii;— THE STOItKS AND WOOD IBISKS. 114* 



hallux about equal to the inner toe and claw; bare portion of the tibia loncer than the mid- 

 dle toe, the upper third, or more, without scales, and smooth; web betwoon inner and mid- 

 dle toes well developed, but smaller than the outer web. Plumage compact above, loose 

 below, the feathers of the neck small, their webs somewhat decomposed. Bemiges well 

 developed, the tertials reaching to the end of the primaries, the latter hard, concave be- 

 neath, the outer four with their inner webs deeply sinuated at or anterior to the middle 

 portion; second, third, and fourth quills nearly equal, or longest. Tail short (shorter than 

 bill or tarsus), oven, of 12 broad, stiff feathers. Adult, with the whole head and upper half 

 of hind neck bare, covered with a hard, scurfy, and more or less <-orrugated skin. Young, 

 with the whole head and neck, except the chin and forehead, fe.ithored, 



Tantalus loculator Liun. 



WOOD IBIS. 

 Popular STnonyms. Wood Pelican; Gannet (Florida) ; Colorado Turkey (Arizona) ; Sowowies, 



Negroscopes (Brit. Guiana); Tagarote, Galumbas. Garzon (Mexico). 

 Tantalus loculator Liss . 8. N. ed. 10, i, 1758, 14U, No. I (ex Klein, 127; CATE8By,i,81); ed. 12. 



1766, i, 241, No. 1.— WiLS. Am. Orn. viii, 18H.:i9, pi. 66, flg. 1.— Nutt. Man. ii, 1834,82.— 



AuD. Orn. Biog. iii, 1835.128, pi. 216; Synop. 1839, 259; Birds Am. vi, 1843. 64, pi. .361 



(adult).— Cass, in Baird's B. N. Am. 1858. 682.— Baibd, Cat. N. Am. B. 1859, No. 497. 



Codes, Key, 1872, 262; Check List, 1873, No. 444; 2d ed. 1882, No. 648; Birds N. W, 1874. 



513.— EiDQW. Nom. N. Am. B. 1881, No. 500; Man. N. Am. B. 1887,125,— A, O. D. Check 



List. 1886. No. 188. 

 Tantalus plumicollis SPII. Av. Bras. pi. 85 (young). 

 'Ibis nandassoti; I. nandapoa, Vieill." (Gbay & BoNAP.) 

 Wood Pelican Catesbt. Carolina, pi. 81. 

 Ze Curiaca de Cauenne Buff. PI. Enl. 1770-84, pi. 868 (adult). 

 Wood Ibis Penn. Arct. Zool. ii, 1785, 458, No. 360. 

 Tantalus ichtkyophagus, the Oannet, Bartbasi, Travels, 1791,293. 



Hab. The whole of tropical and most of warm-temperate America: north to New York 

 (casual). Ohio. Indiana. Wisconsin, Colorado. Utah. Nevada, and California; south to Ecua- 

 dor and Argentine Bepublio. 



8p. Chab. Adult: Head and upper half of the neck naked, and covered with a hard, 

 scurfy skin, of a dusky color; the vertexcovered by a somewhat shield-shaped horny plate, 

 of a lighter color, the neck with transverse, somewhat ovate, bark-like, rugose scales. Plum- 

 age in general uniform white, the primary-coverts, remiges. and rectrices black, with me- 

 tallic purple, bronze, and green reflections. Under wing-coverts pale rose-pink in breed- 

 ing season. "Bill dusky yellowish brown, the edges yellow; sides of the head dark bluish 

 purple, upper part of the head horn-color, or dull grayish yellow, the rest of the bare skin 

 of the same tint, many of the scales anteriorly blue ; iris deep brown, at a di.stanee seeming 

 black; tibia and tarsus indigo-blue; toes above bIaik,on the lateral and hind toes, however, 

 many of the scutellte bluish gray, the webs pale yellowish flesh-color; claws black" (Audu- 

 bon). Young; Head and neck covered with rather scant, somewhat "woolly," feathers, ex- 

 cepting the forehead, anterior part of the crown, lores, anterior portion of malar region, 

 chin, and anterior part of throat, which are covered with a smooth skin. Hea<l and neck 

 grayish brown, darkest on the occiput (where dark sooty), growing gradually paler below. 

 Kesl of the plumage as in the adult, but the black feathers of wings and tall less metallic.' 

 Immature: Head bare and corrugated, as In the adult; neck feathered, as In the young. 

 Tjtal length, about 35.00-45. 0« inches; extent of wings. 62.00-70.00 ;iwing, 17.60-19.50; tail. 6.10- 

 7.3«;culmen. 7.55-9.30; depth of bill through nostril. 1.55-1.90; tarsu-s, 7.00-8.50; middle too. 

 3.85-t.SO; bare part of tibia. 5.0U-6.2S;' weight WH lbs. 



' According to Audubon, "the young .ire dusky gray all over, the quills and tail brownish 

 black; the head all covered with down, excepting just at the base of the bill. After the Urst 

 moult, the bare space extends over the head and oheeks; the downy feathers of the hind 

 head and neck are dusky : the general color of the plumage Is white, the quills and toil at in 

 the adult, but with less gloss." 



' Tun adultu measured. 



