131* BIRDS OF ILLINOIS. 



Pileum vrith a full crest of broadly lanceolate, compactly webbed feathers, these longer 

 and more narrowly lanceolate on the occiput Scapulars and interscapulars elongated and 

 lanceolate in the adult, but not reaching the end of the tail (very much as in Ardea). 



Ardea virescens Lina. 



GREEN HEEON. 



Popular synonyms, "Sehytepoko;" "Squawk;" f ly-up-the-Creek: Booby (part* of Florida); 



Crab-cat^lier (Jamaica); Mavtiueta cangrejero (Mexico). 

 Ardea ■stellaris ni in imaTCATESBT. Carolina, i, 1751. pi. 80 (adult). 

 Ardea virescens Linn. S. N. ed. 10. 1758. 144. No. 15 (based, in part, on the above): ed. 12. 



1766. i. 2J8, No. 20.— WiLS. Am Orn. vii. 1813. 97, pi. 61.— Xutt. Man. ii. 1834. 63.— AuD. 



Orn. Eiog. iv, 1838, 2)7, pi. 333; Synop. 1839. 261; Birds Am. vi. 1843. 105. pi. 367.— CoOES. 



Key. 1872.208; Check List. 1873. No. 457; Birds N. W. 1871. 522.— Reichenow, J. f. O. 



1877, 2.55.— A. 0. U. Check List. 1886. No. 201.— KroGW. Man. N. Am. B. 1887. 132. 

 Butoriden rirescens BoNAP. Consp. ii. 1855, 128.— Baibd. Birds N. Am. 18.58,076; Cat. N. 



Am. B. 1859. No. (93,— EiDGW. Norn. N. Am. B. ISSl. No. 494.— CouES, Cheek List, 2d. 



ed. 1882. No. 663.— B. B. & E. Water B. N. Am. i. 18<4. 50. 

 Crdbier, de la houisiane Buff. PI. Enl. 1770-84, pi. 909 (adult). 

 Crabier tachele. de la J/ortini'swe Buff. PI. Enl. 912 (young). 

 Green Heron Lath. Synop. iii. 1785, 08. 

 Louisiana Heron Lath. t. c. 81. 



Ardea htdoviciana Gmel. S. N. i, pt. ii. 1788. 630. No. 39 (based on PI. Enl. 9091. 

 .' Blue Heron, var. B. Lath. Synop. iii. 1785. 75 (Queen Charlotte's Sound). 

 Ardea chloroptera BoDD. Tabl. P. E. 1783, pi. 909. 

 ConcroTOo maciilata Bodd. t. c. pi. 912. 

 ? Ardea virgata, Gmel 8. N. i, pt. ii, 1788, 643. 



Hab. The whole of temperate North America. West Indies. Middle .^mi^rioa, and 

 northern South America, to Venezuela; north to Ontario and Oregon; abnndant both in the 

 Pacific States and Eastern Province, but apparently wanting in the Middle Province; Ber- 

 mudas. 



Sp. Chab. Adult: Entire pileum. including oocipital crest, glossy darK metal'ic bottle- 

 green; rest of the head and neck, except throat and foreneck, rich chestnut, varying from 

 a cinnamon shade to a fine purplish maroon; bare orbital space bordered posteriorly with 

 greenish black, from the lower part of which projects backward, from the rictus, a short 

 stripe of tl-e same; below this, along the upper edge of the m.alar region, a narrow strip.^ 

 of white, the lower malar feathers being mixed black and rufous, forming another stripe; 

 th oat and foreneck. from chin to chest, white, marked with broad longitudinal dashes 

 of dusky. Lower parts ash-gray, the lining of the wing somewhat spotted, nn 1 distinctly 

 bordered, out.vardly, with creamy white. Scapular plumes glaucous-plumbeous, with a 

 green reflection in certain lights, the shafts white. Wing-coverts and rectrioes brilliant 

 metallic bottle-green, the former distinctly bordered, narrowly, with fulvous-whito; these 

 borders on the lesser-coverts, more rusty or fulvous; rectrices immaculate bottle-green; 

 remiges and primary-coverts plumbeous, with a green reflection, the inner primaries and 

 adjoining socondaries with narrow crescentic tips of white, the coverts with terminal del- 

 toid spots of the same. Bill deep black, the lower mandible sometimes partly yellowish or 

 greenish; lores and orbits varying from olive-green to bright yellow; iris gamboge-yellow; 

 legs and feet olive-green or olive-yellow, the seutellie more greenish; claws horn-color. 

 Yoiing; Pileum, including crest, as iu the adult, but usually streaked with dark rusty an- 

 teriorly ; sides of the head and neck dull dark rusty, indistinctly streaked with lloht ochra- 

 ceous, or bull; lower parts white, tinged with bulT. and striped with dusky. Back, .scapu- 

 •Eirs, and rump uuiXorm dull dusky-green, some of the feathers indistinctly bordered with 



