ANATID.E— THE SWANS, GEESE, AND DUCKS. 173 



similar to the male, but the head, neck, and chest grayish brown, with a distinct white spot 

 on the auricular region, and the lores and sides of the forehead inclining to white. Chest, 

 sides, flanks, and crissum entirely uniform grayish brown. "Bill and feet dull bluish eray; 

 iris brown" (AuDDBON). Young. Similar to theadult female, but above browner and more 

 uniform, the chest, sides, flanks, and crissum tinged with umber. 



Total length, about 17.50 Inches: oxtent,27.00; wine. 7.40 to nearly 8.00; culmen, 1.05-1.10; 

 tarsus. 1.50; middle toe, 2.oo. Female slightly smaller. 



The Harlequin Duck is a winter visitant or resident in Illi- 

 nois, but is probably not at any time a common species. In 

 its summer home, which is in more northern or mountainous 

 reoions, it frequents swiftly running streams, where it delights 

 to sport among the eddies below water falls or in the brawling 

 rapids. Its nest is often placed in a hollow of a tree, but fre- 

 cpiently in other situations. 



Genus CLANGULA Leach. 



Clangiila Leach, in Ross's Voy. Disc. 1819, App. p. xlviii. Type. Anas alacialis Linn. 



Harelda Leach. Steph. Gen. Zool. .xii. 1824, 174. Type. Anas glaciitlis Linn. 



Pagonetln Kaup, Ent. Europ. Thierw. 1829, f*. Same type. 



Crymonessa Macg. Man. Brit. Orn. ii, 1842, 185. Same type. 



Melouetta SUND. Tent. 1872. 149. Same type. 

 Gen. Chab. Bill small (much shorter than tho tarsus), all its outlines tapering rapidly 

 to the end. which is occupied entirely by the very large broad nail; lower edge of the max- 

 illa nearly straight for the basal half, then suddenly rising to the prominently decurved 

 nail; lamelliB slightly exposed along the straight basal portion of the maxillary tomium; 

 , feathering at the base of the bill forming a nearly straight obliauo line, adyancinc farthest, 

 forward on the forehead, and scarcely interrupted by any re-eutrant angle, so prominent 

 in most ducks. Adult male with tho longer scapulars elongated and lanceolate, the reotrices 

 (14 in number) acute, the middle pair slender and greatly lengthened. 



The most important peculiarity of structure in tliis well- 

 marked genus consists in the almost unique outline of the 

 feath(;iing at the base of the bill, this outline advancing grad- 

 ually farther forward from the rictus to the base of the culmen, 

 the continuity of the sliglitly curved line interrupted by only a 

 very faint, sometimes scarcely perceptible, indentation at the 

 place of the deep angle seen in most ducks. The only other 

 genus showing an approadi to this character is Cumptolahum, 

 wliich, however, has the bill and other features very different. 



I'>iit a single specicH is kiKJwii, which, like Iflxtrinnlcuti, is cir- 

 ciiiii|)olar in its distribution, but descends to lower latitudes in 

 winter. 



