240 BIRDS OP ILLINOIS. 



antlllarum, and Gelochelidon nilotica), and kept apart from 

 them, thoup;h usually nesting in company with the Laughing 

 Gull {Larus atricilla). Its nests were usually made on the 

 tide-rows of drift-weed on marshy places, while the other terns 

 nested in the sand or, in the case of the Least Tepn, on the 

 "shingle" beach. Its note is quite different from that of the 

 species mentioned, but bears some resemblance to the sonorous 

 qua-a-a of the Loggerhead rihrike {Lanius ludovicianus) . 



Sterna hirundo Linn. 



COMMON TEEN. 

 Popular synonyms. Wilson's Tern; Striker (coast of Virginia); Sea Swallow; Summer Gull 



(coast of New Jersey). 

 Sterna hirundo Linn. S. N. ed. 10, i, 1758, 137; ed. 12, i, 1766, 227.— Was. Am. Orn. vii, 1813, 



76, pi. 60, flg. 1.— NUTT. Man. ii, 1834,271.— AUD. Orn. Biog. iv, 1838, 74, pi. 309; Synop. 



1839, 318; B. Am. vii, 1814.97, pi. 433.— CouES. Key, 1872, 320 ; Check List, 1873, No. 565; 



2d ed. 1882, No. 797; B.N. W. 1874, CSO.— B. B. & B. Water B. N. Am. ii, 1884. 295.— A. 



O. U. Check List, 1886, No. 70.— Ridgw. Man. N. Am. B. 1887, 43. 

 Sterna flnmatlUs Naum. Isis, 1819, p. 1847-48.— Shabpe & Deesseb, B. Eur. Pt. xi, (1872).— 



Saundeks, P. Z. S. 1876, 649. 

 Sterna senegalensis Swains. B. W. Atr. ii, 1837,250. 

 Sterna wilsoni Bonap. Comp. List, 1838, 61.— Laws, in Baird's B. N. Am. 1858,861.- Baibd. 



Cat. N, Am. B. 1859, No. 689. 

 Hab. PalaDarctio region and eastern North America, chiefly near the coast. Winters 

 north toabout37''; breeds irregularly nearly throughout its range. Arizona; Bermudas 

 (summer resident) . 



Sp. Chak. Adult, in summer: Pileum and nape, including upper half of the lores, 

 uniform deep black. Upper parts deep pearl-gray (much the same shade as in paradiswa). 

 the border of the wing, tips of secondaries, lower part of rump, upper tail-eoverts, and 

 greater portion of the tail pure white. Lower parts pearl-gray or grayish white (much 

 lighter than the upper parts), becoming gradually white on the under parts and sides of the 

 head, and pure white on the crissum. Outer web of lateral tail-feather ash-gray, darker 

 terminally, in abrupt contrast with the pure white of the inner web ; outer webs of remaining 

 reetrices, except the intermediie, paler grayish. Outer web of outer primary blackish 

 slate; outer surface of other primaries light silvery gra'-, slightly paler than the back; in- 

 ner webs chiefly white, with a stripe of grayish next the shaft, this stripe abruptly defined 

 on the flrst flve quills, but growing gradually broader and paler toward the flfth. and ex- 

 tending, near the end of the feathers, a greater or less distance toward the base, but the 

 edge itself narrowly white; flve inner quills pale silvery gray, the inner webs edged with 

 white. Bill bright vermilion, blackish terminally, except on the tomia; inside of mouth or- 

 ange-vermilion; edges of eyelids black; iris very dark brown; legs and feet orange-vormil- 

 ion, lighter than the bill; claws black. Adult, in winter: Similar, but forehead, crown, and 

 anterior part of lores white, the vertex mixed with black; entire lower pai-ts pure white. 

 i'onng, first plumaae: Orbital region, occiput, and nape deep black; crown mixed black 

 and grayish white; forehead and lores, with entire lower parts, upper tail-coverts, inner 

 webs of reotrioes, and tips of secondaries, white. Upper parts pale b uish gray, the scapu- 

 lars, interscapulars, and tortials tipped with pale buff, and marked with an indistinct sub- 

 terminal lunule of dusky brown: anterior lesser wing-coverts dusky, forming a broad b<ir 

 across the wing; primaries much as in the adult, but darker; wing-ooverts paler than the 

 back, and bordered indistinctly with white. Outer webs of reotrioes grayish, deepeuloK on 



