CO-OPERATION AMONG ANTHROPOLOGISTS. 513 



half-masted flag at sea and liferopes and lifebuoys on our seaboard 

 are devoted to rescue and life-saving. Let the code smokes be 

 regarded as sacred for such rescue work, and many an otherwise 

 "unknown," instead of being "found dead," will live to bless the 

 aborigine for his graceful and useful smoke signals. [N.B. — On 

 the clay that this paper was read (September 28th, 1893) news 

 reached Adelaide that a man had perished miserably from want of 

 water on the Overland Telegraph line near Tennant's Creek, after 

 having vainly tried to cut the wire to attract attention.] 



As the visitor to the great " Mammoth Cave " of Kentucky is 

 shown branch after branch of that cavern by his darkie guide, all 

 of which he must pass by and leave unexplored, so, in gathering 

 these spoils irom the customs and folk-lore of our dusky fellow- 

 countrymen, I have had to leave on one side fire- signals, messengers, 

 and message-sticks, with other bypaths, all of which would tempt 

 one to turn aside from the present task, self assigned. As it is, the 

 boundary line only has been crossed. The whole wide field of 

 these smoke signals, their use and code meanings, still lies open for 

 the future explorer. As the brave indomitable Eyre traversed the 

 coastline of Australia from Port Lincoln to the " Sound," so has 

 this paper skirted only the shores of this subject ; and it remains 

 for some Stuart, or Giles, or Forrest to search through the great 

 unknown, and bring back new facts concerning the Smoke Signals 

 of our Australian Aborigines. 



o-^JJ-o- 



2.— ON THE NEED FOR MORE EFFICIENT CO-OPERA- 

 TION AMONG ANTHROPOLOGISTS OVER THE 

 INDIAN, POLYNESIAN, AND AUSTRALIAN 

 REGION. 



By S. E. PEAL, F.R.G.S. 



(Communicated by Professor Liversidge, F.R.S.) 



[This letter contains a brief summary of a paper published 

 elsewhere, but read before the Association.] 



Sydney, September 10th, 1893. 



Dear Professor Liversidge — I am sorry I missed you, and now 

 write to say that on my return to Asam I hope to work at the 

 development of tribes and clans. The history of such are to be 

 obtained, particularly among our head- hunting Naga. 



There are, firstly, huge groups, such as the Naga, Miri, Lushai, 

 Kuki, Mani-puri, Chins, Mikir, &c., aU with strong physical and 

 linguistic affinities. 



Secondly, each of these in turn is cut up into minor clans, as a 

 rule endogamic and with more marked resemblance, having often 

 k2 



