I. Introduction. 



AMONG the most important discoveries of the "Danmark" Expedi- 

 tion, from a geological point of view, ninst be certainly 

 included the establishment of the fact of the occurrence of Carboni- 

 ferous Formations on the east coast of northern Greenland, between 

 80° and 81° north latitude, on Holm's and Amdrup's Land — at 

 Hekla Sound and Ingolfs Fjord, the Mallemukfjæld, and other places 

 — and the collection of fossils there. 



In this district Captain Koch and Dr. Wegener have made 

 collections of fossiliferous rocks, some of them containing a fossil 

 land flora, others a fossil marine fauna. The plant-fossils have already 

 been dealt with by Professor A. G. Nathorst in his paper which 

 is to be found in "Meddelelser om Grønland", Vol. XLIII, Nr. 12. 

 The marine Carboniferous rocks occur within exactly the same local- 

 ities as the plant-bearing formations, and directly cover these latter, 

 so that a description of the general geological conditions here coin- 

 cides almost exactly with that given by Nathorst, and, like that 

 account, is, for the most part, based on the report made by Mr. Ha- 

 kon Jarner, the geologist of the Expedition. 



The map given here (PI. XXX) is based on the map of North- 

 east Greenland drawn by Captain Koch in accordance with the 

 measurements made by the Expedition, and all the names given 

 are in accordance with the map in question. The localities of the 

 finds have been entered in accordance with the information given 

 by Jarner and, partly, according to Dr. Wegener's diary and com- 

 munications of Captain Koch. 



The following summary is given from Jarner's communication 

 in Nathorsts paper: 



"The Carboniferous formations occur on the coast outside the 

 Archæan rocks, and here form a plateau which, at the farthermost 

 point of the coast, attains a greatest height of 500 metres, but which, 



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