The marine Carboniferous of North-east Greenl. and its Brachiopod Fauna. 541 



among them the fragments of crinoid-stems and foraminifera, Fusul- 

 ina especially, are the most numerous. There is a total absence of 

 quartz-grains, and the matrix is here more prominent than in N:o 

 102. This rock too, has undergone a more complete diagenesis than 

 N:o 102, being entirely transformed into crystalline calcite. In addit- 

 ion to this re-crystallization, a subordinate silicification has taken 

 place, which has affected parts of the matrix and the "pebbles", 

 and which has there been observed in the crinoid-stems. 



It is evident that these rocks have been formed in very shallow 

 water, and perhaps actually at the shore, as such a rolling and 

 attrition as are seen here can hardly have taken place in deeper 

 waters. In addition to the fact that they give us further examples 

 of the oscillations of level that occurred during the formation of 

 this series of carboniferous strata, they also afford support to the 

 opinion that has been brought forward from other quarters ^ respect- 

 ing the conditions of existence of the Fusiilinidœ, i.e., that these 

 organisms belonged to the benthonic fauna of shallow seas. The 

 greatest possibility is, of course, that these rolled fragments are de- 

 rived from the organic life that existed in the shallow water off the 

 shore, even if we cannot entirely deny the possibility of a rock — 

 a Fiisiilina limestone — which was already deposited and solidified, 

 having undergone entire degradation along the edge of the shore. 



At a somewhat higher level, between 100 and 110 metres above 

 the sea, there outcrop limestone deposits; a gray-green, fairly 

 dense limestone {N:o 131) in which only crinoid stem-joints could 

 be observed; a light yellow-gray, very finely crystalline limestone 

 {N:o 122) from 115 metres above sea-level, and a red-gray tinged 

 limestone {ISI:os 103 and 134-), greatly resembling the foregoing from 

 120 metres above the sea. In this rock there were numerous crinoid 

 stem-joints and some few sections of a rugose coral and a Fasulina. 



At 150 metres above the level of the sea there were found talus 

 boulders of limestone {N:os 109, 113 and 133), which Dr. Wegener 

 assumes to be derived from the limestone h'ing at the same level. 

 The fossils are two specimens of an Euomphalus and some frag- 

 ments of rugose corals and bryozoa. The rock is a reddish-gray, 

 dense and somewhat variable limestone of coarser grain than any 

 of the limestones forming part of the Cape Jungersen section. To 

 some degree, but not perfectly, it bears a resemblance to the finer 

 grained limestone (p. 528) occurring in the Mallemukfjæld, and among 

 the loose blocks on the Eskimo Naze. 



Afterwards there have been no specimens collected from the 



1 Staff u. Wedekind, 1910. Pp. 85-8H. 



XLIII. 



41 



