610 



Karl A Grönwall. 



we add the three forms determined as n. sp., the two sp. indet. of 

 Strophalosia, and leave the undeterminable forms out of the reckon- 

 ing, it thus proves that the brachiopod fauna of our North-east 

 Greenland Upper Carboniferous deposits are so nearly connected 

 with that of the Russo-Arctic district, that these faunas must have 

 lived in seas possessing free and open communication with each 

 other. 



The division of the forms common to the various localities into 

 Lower and Upper groups within the Carboniferous of North-east 

 Greenland, presents approximately the same proportions as the 

 number of the brachiopods that have been found within the respective 

 groups. 



The ratio is shown by the following table: 



Number 



pCt. of 



whole 



number 



North-east Greenl. 



Older 

 Group 



Younger 

 Group 



Total number of forms 



Forms known from other localities 



New species 



Forms from the Russo-Arctic district 



— — Spitzbergen-Beeren Eiland 



— — Russia 



— — _ , wanting in Spitzbergen- 



Beeren Eiland 



— — Spitzbergen-Beeren Eiland, wan- 



ting in Russia 



— common to Russia and Spitzbergen- 

 Beeren Eiland 



26 

 21 

 3 

 19 

 14 

 17 



5 



2 



12 



17 

 13 



2 

 13 



9 

 11 



4 



2 



If we pay special attention to the vertical distribution of the 

 brachiopods of North-east Greenland within the Carboniferous form- 

 ations of Russia we find that they occur chiefly within the divi- 

 sions that have been termed the Omphalotrochus-, Cora-, and Schwa- 

 gerina horizons. Species that can really be said to point to a lower 

 level, the mosqiiensis horizon especially, are wanting, if we deduct 

 those that persist from the Lower Carboniferous to the Permian, 

 while, though, it is true, species pointing to the Permo-Carboniferous 

 are not absent, still, as we have shown above, they can scarcely 

 entitle us to consider them as determinative of any part of the form- 

 ations in question as being Permo-Carboniferous or Permian. 



We must, therefore express the opinion that the marine Car- 

 boniferous measures of North-east Greenland belong to 

 the middle and upper part of the Upper Carboniferous 



