612 Karl A. Grönwall. 



cogent reason for ascribing to these small faunas a younger age, this 

 deduction being quite in agreement with what I have stated above 

 respecting the associated existence of the fauna as a whole. 



We can, consequently, state with certainty that, according to 

 the testimony of the brachiopod fauna, there exist in the Upper 

 group of the Carboniferous deposits of North-east Greenland, forma- 

 tions equivalent lo the Schwagerina horizon of Russia, while, in 

 addition, Schwagerina princeps itself occurs in many localities in 

 these North-east Greenland Measures. 



The comparison with the brachiopod fauna of the Upper Car- 

 boniferous measures of Spitzbergen can also be said to lead to the 

 result that, especially, the Upper group of the North-east Greenland 

 marine Carboniferous contains a brachiopod fauna bearing a great 

 analogy to that of the Spirifer limestone. 



VI. Conclusions. 



1) North-east Greenland possesses a series of marine Upper Car- 

 boniferous deposits which, as in Spitzbergen, transgrediate over Lower 

 Carboniferous measures of terrestrial development undetermined as to 

 stratigraphical level. 



2) This transgression has occurred gradually, so that repeated 

 oscillations of level have taken place in the lower part of the series of 

 strata; the upper part of the series has a more constant marine aspect, 

 but this part too, in some degree at least, has been deposited in very 

 shallow water or even in the littoral zone, as is shown by certain 

 peculiar rock-species, which are conglomerates in miniature. 



3J The Brachiopod Fauna occurring here points to the middle and 

 upper part of the Upper Carboniferous series, the OiMPHALOTROCHUS-, 

 CORA-, and SCHWAGERINA horizons in the Upper Carboniferous 

 measures of Russia; the possibility of the sequence of strata ascending 

 higher up to the Permo-Carboniferous is not altogether excluded, even 



