258 REPORT— 1891. 



Enderby for the purpose of founding a large whaliug establish- 

 ment. The scheme was carried out, but in two years came to 

 an untimely end, involving those connected with it in plentiful 

 lawsuits and a loss of £20,000. 



In 1809 the master of a sealer discovered the insularity of 

 the southernmost part of New Zealand, thence called after 

 him Stewart Island. The straits dividing the island from the 

 mainland were named after Lieut. -Colonel Foveaux, who in 

 1808 assisted in the administration of the New South Wales 

 Government during the suspension of the unfortunate Governor 

 Bligh, of the "Bounty." In 1840 this Captain Stev;art dis- 

 charged the duties of pilot on hoard H.M.S. " Herald," 

 which conveyed Major Bunbury south whilst procuring the 

 chiefs' signatures to the Treaty of VVaitangi. His thorough 

 knowledge of the coasts and of the Natives and their language 

 was of the greatest service to Major Bunbury whilst on this 

 difficult mission. He died in 1851 at Poverty Bay, an old and 

 poverty-stricken sailor. 



The Campbell Islands were added to the list in 1810 by 

 Captain Hazelburg, of the sealer " Perseverance," and were so 

 named after the w^ell-known Sydney merchant of those days, 

 Robert Campbell. 



Macquarie Island, the southernmost of all, was discovered 

 last, and was named after Governor Lachlan Macquarie. 

 Upon it, seventy years ago, was quite an extensive sealing 

 colony, connected by trade chiefly with Hobart Town. 



Thus, as might be expected from the nature of their calling, 

 the hardy race of seamen formed the earliest band of dis- 

 coverers. Some of these, wearied with the dangers of the sea 

 and attracted by the blandishments upon shore, identified them- 

 selves with the natives, and, becoming " koumatuas " or 

 "pakehas," transacted for them their simple barter, jour- 

 neyed with them into the interior, and even participated in 

 their furious tribal warfare, with the consequent delights of 

 cannibalism. Of histories such as these the barest record re- 

 mains. 



In 1805 Mr. Savage, the surgeon of a convict vessel, sailed 

 into the Bay of Islands, which, as we shall see, was a place of 

 increasing repute and resort. He published an account of this 

 visit in 1807, accompanying his directions for entering the bay 

 with drawings of its headlands. This little book is the second 

 written in the English language giving an account of New 

 Zealand, Captain Cook's great journal being the first. 



We have now to refer to the Eev. Samuel Marsden, chap- 

 lain of the New South Wales colony, who indeed deserves to 

 be ranked as our first explorer. To this remarkable man New 

 Zealand owes much which has never been sufficiently recog- 

 nised, and much which certainly has been long forgotten. With 



