240 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION C. 



moraines. These deposits are similar in character to those previously 

 recorded by Park as occurring in the Hautapu Valley, 30 miles south of 

 Ruapehu. The glacial origin of this landscape feature is, however, 

 supported by no other evidence, and, until this is forthcoming, the 

 formation of these hills cannot be definitely attributed to this cause. 



Park also reports the occurrence of a glacial deposit at the mouth 

 of the Kekerangu River and at Shades Creek, on the east coast of 

 Marlborough, in the South Island (lat. 42"). This district is now 

 being carefully examined by Dr. Allan Thomson, of the New Zealand 

 Geological Survey, and by Mr. C. A. Cotton, of Victoria College, and 

 their report will be welcomed for the light which it will undoubtedly 

 throw on this interesting problem. A little further south, in the 

 neighbourhood of Kaikoura, lies another of these glaciated areas, 

 according to Professor Park. In what he calls the bed of the old 

 Waiau Glacier, which stretched along the foot of the seaward Kaikouras, 

 there occur old moraines, smoothed surfaces, roches moutonnees, and 

 other surface features which can be attributed to glacier action, but 

 which have been previously assigned by those who have examined the 

 country to other geological agencies. 



The former presence of glaciers in the high country at the southern 

 extremity of the North Island is recorded by G. L. Adkin, in a paper 

 entitled " The Discovery and Extent of Former Glaciation in the 

 Tararua Ranges, North Island, New Zealand (Trans. N.Z. Inst., Vol. 

 XLIV., 1912). His evidence of glaciation is based entirely on the forms 

 of certains valleys in the higher levels of these mountains at heights 

 approximating to from 3,000 to 4,000 feet. Adkin notes the absence 

 of any other proofs of glaciation, such as striated surfaces, roches 

 moutonnees, moraines, &c., but thinks that this absence can be satis- 

 factorily accounted for. It must be admitted that a conclusion based 

 on mere landscape evidence is not altogether satisfactory, although 

 there are undoubted proofs of former glaciation at a similar elevation 

 in localities which are at the same latitude in northern Nelson, on the 

 other side of Cook Strait, so that there is no inherent improbability in 

 his contention, and further investigation may confirm his opinion. 



Adkin considers that there is not the slightest evidence that the 

 ice covering approximated even in the slightest degree to the nature 

 of an ice sheet as suggested by Park (Trans. N.Z. Inst., Vol. XLIII. 

 1910). This opinion of Adldn's receives a certain amount of confirmation 

 from the investigations of C. A. Cotton into the origin of the land forms 

 in the neighbourhood of Wellington. In his paper entitled " Notes on 

 Wellington Physiography " (Trans. N.Z. Inst., Vol. XLIV., 1912), he 

 demonstrates that they owe their origin to the effect of stream action 

 in a surface which has experienced uplift and faulting. 



In Bulletin No. 13 of the New Zealand Geological Survey, P. G. 

 Morgan deals with the glacial features of the Greymouth Subdivision 



