On EUROPEAN SPIDERS. 99 
into which we divide them, Pholcus Pluchii (Scop.) and Scytodes thoracica 
LATR., were referred by LATREILLE 18047), together with the spiders, for 
which WALCKENAER in the following year formed the genus Zheridium, to 
one and the same genus: Scytodes LATR., and even subsequently, after LA- 
TREILLE had acknowledged the genera Pholcus and Theridèum, which had 
been formed by WALCKENAER, he continued ?) to place Scytodes and Phol- 
cus beside each other in his family Znæquitelæ. — W ALCKENAER also at first 
gave them the same systematic position: Scytodes and Pholcus in his Tableau 
d. Aran. (p. 79, 80) immediately follow Linyphia and Theridium; but when 
he began to make the number of the eyes a basis for his classification of 
"les araignées” ?), he was obliged to separate Scytodes and Pholcus from 
each other: Scytodes (together with Rachus) is referred to a separate group, 
" Cellulicoles" or "Capteuses", which is placed between " Tubicoles” (Dysde- 
roide) and "Coureuses" ( Citigrade) within the division " Vagabondes", whereas 
Pholcus (like Artema) has a place in the group " Filiteles” among " Errantes" *). 
Both genera were removed far from the ”Retiteles”, which correspond to our 
Theridioide. WALCKENAER seems however to have perceived that that me- 
thod of classifying these spiders was quite artificial, for he himself says: 
"Le genre Scytode appartient encore plus particulièrement aux Théridions 
(i. e. than do Dysdera and Segestria to Clubiona and Tegenaria) . . . . et 
le genre Rack est un Pholque dont les yeux intermédiaires sont oblitérés " >). 
DucES, who, like LATREILLE, acknowledged the close relationship 
between Scytodes and Pholcus, united these genera, together with stata, 
Uroctea ( Clotho), Enyo, Laches (Lachesis) ) and Hersilia into one family, 
which he calls ”Scythodes”, also " Micrognathes" 7), on account of these spiders’ 
mandibles, which are usually small and united at the base. These ge- 
nera in fact show no small affinity with the Scytodoidæ, and this appears 
to be especially the case with Enyo, Uroctea and Filistata. The Scytodoidze 
agree with all these genera in having maxillæ closely encircling the lip; 
they particularly resemble Ænyo (and Hersilia) in their fine extremities, with 
the claw-joint of the tarsi distinctly separate; Uroctea in their mandibles 
1) Nouv. Dict. d'Hist. Nat., XXIV, p. 134. 
2) For inst. in Cours d’Entom., p. 125. 
3) Mém. s. une nouv. Classif. d. Aran., p. 438. 
4) Hist. Nat. d. Ins. Apt., I, p. 202; IV, p. 524, 525. 
5) Ibid., IV, p. 522. 
6) Concerning these names, vid. sup., p. 36, 37. 
1) Observ. s. les Aran., p. 106. 
