152 T. THORELL, 
differs also in other respects from Gnaphosa, as e. g. it is stated that "the 
head is considerably elevated above the thorax, especially anteriorly”. The 
systematie position of this animal cannot yet be considered as definitely 
determined: it is only provisionally that we place it in this family and next 
after Gnaphosa. 
Fam. V. DYSDEROIDA. 
Syn.: 1837. Dysderides C. Kocu, Uebers. d. Arachn.-Syst., 1, p. 20. 
1852. Cellicolæ DorEscu., Syst. Verzeich. ete., p. 6 (ad partem). 
The spiders belonging to this family are without difficulty distinguish- 
ed from all others, except the Territelarie, by their having two stigmata, 
the one immediately behind the other, on each side of the belly near its base. 
In other spiders provided with tracheal tubes as well as two air-sacs, the 
former usually debouch near the spinners, rarely (Argyroneta, Dictyna, 
Anyphena?) in the middle line of the belly. The Dysderoidæ differ from 
the Territelarie principally in having the mandibular claw, when at rest, 
bent inwards or obliquely inwards and backwards, not directly backwards 
and in that the two posterior stigmata lead to tracheal tubes, not to tracheal 
or air-sacs (" pulmonary” sacs). They are, in general, further distinguished by 
remarkably short tarsi and long patellæ, and have, as far as is known, 
never eight, but only six (or two, if the exotic genus Nops Mac LEAY belong 
to them) or no eyes.  Stalita Schiedtei NOB. (S. tenaria KEYSERL) has, 
curiously enough, small rudiments of 6 eyes. The tarsal claws vary greatly 
in form and armature: the inferior claw is wanting about as frequently as 
it is present; the palpal claw is always small and without teeth. 
Durour, who first discovered that Dysdera had 4 stigmata, and who 
believed that these all led to tracheal or so-called pulmonary sacs 1), as in 
the case of the Territelarie (Tetrapneumones LATR), united that genus with 
these last mentioned or "les araignées quadripulmonaires" *), and was in 
this followed by LATREILLE 3). SUNDEVALL*) and WALCKENAER °) however 
powerfully opposed a so one-sided over-estimation of an anatomical peeu- 
1) That the "pulmonary saes" or "lungs" of spiders and of other arachnoidea are 
only peculiarly modified tracheæ, has been shown by Leuckarr (Ueb. d. Bau u. d. 
Bedeut. d. sog. Lungen bei d. Arachn., p. 246 et seq.). 
2) Observ. sur quelques Arachn. quadripulm., p. 26 ete. 
3) Fam. Nat. du Régne Anim., p. 312; Cours d’Entom., p. 512. 
4) Svenska Spindl. Beskr., in Vet.-Akad. Handl. f. 1829, p. 192 (1830). 
5) Mém. sur une nouv. Classifie. d. Aran., p. 436. (1833). 
