GLACIAL ACTION—SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 123 
quartzite, thickly penetrated with a network of syenitic and other 
igneous veins. The bed-rock has a dip of 45° N.E., but is much 
disturbed through igneous intrusions. So far as could be seen, 
the bed-rock did not show glaciation at the line of contact between 
it and the glacial drift. The indurated and jointed character of 
the newer rocks is strongly suggestive of Paleozoic age. 
A. little higher up stream the glacial beds run out, and are 
replaced by the metamorphic rocks, but other outcrops were found 
at several spots. Half a mile above the Government quarry two 
angular pieces of yellow sandstone are seen jutting from the banks 
on the east side, and a little higher up two patches im situ are 
seen on the same side, one of them showing an outcrop of 9 yards 
by 2 feet thick exposed from beneath the alluvial banks. Boulders 
of the same material were found among the river gravel, at inter- 
vals, to the bridge, which was as far as the stream was followed, 
indicating further outcrops of the same rock in the upper reaches 
of the creek. 
FROM YANKALILLA TO CAPE JERVIS. 
The journey from Yankalilla to Cape Jervis and back was done 
in the day, and as it involved a distance of 46 miles no divergence 
could be made from the road. The opportunities therefore for 
examining the geological features of the country were extremely 
restricted, and were confined to what caught the eye of the 
observer from the conveyance. It is only fair to make this 
statement, as otherwise, the evidence of glacial phenomena over 
this country would no doubt have been recognised to a much 
wider extent. Glacial deposits were seen in two cuttings on the 
public road as follows :— 
1. About 9 miles from Yankalilla and 1 mile south of Mr. E. 
C. Kelly’s water-trough, the road passes through a clay cutting 
about 8 feet high. On the eastern bank, near the top, an ice- 
borne stone was recognised. It is a subangular block of red- 
coloured quartzite, rough on some faces and highly polished and 
striated on others. Measures 16 in. x. 12 in., with a circum- 
ference of 32 in. x 31 in., and in weight is as much as a man can 
lift from the ground.* Inthe same cutting, close to the preceding, 
there is a much larger fragment of angular grey quartzite 
measuring 2} ft. x 14 ft. No glaciation could be detected on the 
surfaces of the stone exposed above the clay. Estimated height 
above sea-level, 300 ft. 
2. Another example of boulder clay was recognised on the 
south side of Fowler’s Hill, just past the thirteenth milepost from 
Yankalilla (59 miles from Adelaide). It occurs as a pocket in a 
valley of erosion in calcareous shales near the top of the hill. It 
* This erratic has been brought to Adelaide, and is now in the possession of Walter Howchin. 
