356 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION C. 
and Carboniferous, although a few lingered on to the Permian. This 
decline of the Trilobites coincides in time with the expansion of the 
Nautiloidea, and was, I have little doubt, caused by it. These 
ravenous Cephalopods, the precursors of our gigantic cuttle-fish, 
were the earliest rovers of the sea. Some lived near the surface 
and fed on Graptolites. Others sank to the bottom, where the 
inoffensive Trilobites had reigned for ages undisturbed quietly 
sucking mud. But the ruthless intruders turned the Trilobites 
over and tore out their insides in spite of their attempts to defend 
themselves by rolling up into a ball. 
CONCLUSIONS. 
We have thus arrived at the conclusion that the ocean was the 
mother of life. That on its surface floated the first organisms 
whose descendants, but little changed during all the millions of 
years that have since past away, still float and multiply. Presently 
some of these animals found their way down to the bottom, where 
all the debris from the floating organisms collected, and here, in 
still water, they lived and increased for a long time. Slowly they 
invaded the rough waters of the coast-line, and, at last, gained a 
footing on the land. 
It was plants which formed the army of invasion that conquered 
the land. This army was followed by a mob of camp-followers 
and ragamuflins, in the shape of cockroaches and scorpions, who 
fed and fattened on the plants; but who, notwithstanding their 
boasted superiority, were quite incapable of reclaiming a single 
acre of desert. The real victory belongs to the plants, who, with 
undaunted courage, left the congenial water to dare the vicissitudes 
of temperature and moisture on land, and thus made civilisation 
possible. 
No 1.—ON THE GLACIAL BEDS OF TOOLLEEN, 
COLERAINE, AND WANDA DALE. 
By Evetyn G. Hoae, M.A. 
(Read Monday, January 10, 1898.) 
Tue areas described in the following paper are situate at Toolleen, 
Coleraine, and Wanda Vale, all in Victoria: 
TOOLLEEN AREA. 
In the extreme north-west corner of the map attached to Mr. A. 
W. Howitt’s paper on the “ Diabase and adjacent formation of the 
Heathcote District,” issued by the Department of Mines, Victoria, 
in 1896, part of the boundary of a glacial area is plotted. During 
the month of November, 1897, I visited this locality with a view 
