GEOGRAPHICAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE POLYNESIANS. 809 
infrequent in those days. Moreover, it also supports the theory 
enunciated in the first part of this paper, to the effect that the 
immediate Hawaiki from which the Maoris came to New Zealand, 
was Havaii, the ancient name of Raiatea of the Society Group. 
That the Tahitians had an extensive knowledge of the Central 
Pacific.and far beyond it, has been demonstrated to a certain ex- 
tent above ; but we now come to consider more positive evidence 
as illustrated by the information given to Captain Cook and Sir 
Joseph Banks, by Tupaea, who accompanied them on the latter 
part of the ‘‘ Endeavour’s” voyage from Tahiti to Batavia, where 
Tupaea died, 11th November, 1770. The chart drawn under the 
direction of this learned Tahitian by the officers of the “‘ Endea- 
vour” has been fully commented on by Forster, Hales, and De 
Quatrefages ;* but many of the islands shown in this chart, and 
in the list published by Forster, were not identified by any of 
those authors. It is for that reason that the list is reproduced 
below, with the identifications I have been able to arrive at. I feel 
it the more incumbent on me to do so because Admiral Wharton, 
Hydrographer Royal, the editor of ‘‘ Cook’s Journal,” has hazarded 
the remark that few of these islands are capable of identification, 
by which the learned Hydrographer has unintentionally cast a 
slur on the bond fides of the Tahitian priest and navigator under 
whose direction the chart was drawn up. 
Forster says (loc. cit., p. 511) “ Tupaya (Tupaea in modern 
Tahitian) the most intelligent man that ever was met by any 
European navigator in these isles, had himself been ten or twelve 
days’ sail to the westward of O-Raiedea (Raiatea), which, accord- 
ing to Capt. Cook’s computation, would make 400 leagues, or 
about 20 degrees of longitude. This man when on board the 
*“ Endeavour,” gave an account of his navigations, and mentioned 
the names of more than eighty isles of which he knew, together 
with their size and situation, the greater part of which he had 
visited; and having soon perceived the meaning and use of charts, 
he gave directions for making one according to his account, and 
always pointed out the part of the heavens where each isle was 
situated, mentioning at the same time that it was either larger or 
smaller than Taheitee (Tahiti), and likewise whether it was high 
or low, whether it was peopled or not, adding now and then some 
curious accounts relative to some of them. . . This chart I 
have caused to be engraved as a monument to the ingenuity and 
geographical knowledge of the people of the Society Isles, and of 
Tupaya in particular.” 
In studying this chart there are some things which must con- 
stantly be borne in mind. First, that neither Cook, nor Banks, 
* Forster’s ‘‘ Observations,” London, 1778. ‘‘ Ethnology and Philology of the United States 
Exploring Expedition,” 1846. ‘‘Les Polynésiens,” by A. De Quaterfages, Paris, 1864. 
