VICTOKIAX GKAPTOLITES. 319 



bryoiioides, P kyllograptus typus^ Dichograptus, and many Didymo- 

 grapti. Some of these pass up. Lancefieldian : Characterised by 

 Bryograptus, Clonugraptv.s magnificus, G. flerilis, C. rigiduSy 

 Dictyonema macgillivrayi, &c. 



Most of the work done on these four series was in tlie locahties 

 fi-om which they take their names, but since then our knowledge has 

 grown. 



Mr. T. S. Hart, M.A., F.G.S., has done a great deal of careful 

 collecting in the Daylesford district, and has proved independently 

 that the whole sequence as established in the Castlemaine district is 

 cori'ect.* Thus, Tetragraptus friiticosus is found at first without 

 Didymograptus bifidus. Then the latter appears, outlasts T. fruti- 

 cosus, and is succeeded by I), caduceus. I am inclined to think that my 

 previous statement that D. caduceus was found associated with T. 

 fruticosiis, is incorrect, and founded on wrong identifications. 



Till recently the only Lancefieldian known was at Lancefield itself, 

 but two fresh areas have been discovered. From Bendigo westerly,, 

 nearly to Bealiba, a distance of close upon 40 miles, the country has 

 been pretty well explored for Graptolites. In the Dunolly district 

 this has been carried out mainly by the indefatigable zeal of Mr. 

 W. H. Ferguson. The general strike, as is usual with our older 

 Palaeozoics, is north and south. The western 20 miles proves to be 

 Lancefieldian, and includes the goldfields of Dunolly and Tarnagulla. 

 East of this comes the overlying Bendigonian, which continues ap- 

 parently right to Bendigo, though basaltic lava flows hide much of the 

 intervening countiy. 



One interesting stratigraphical fact has come out among others. 

 Tetragraptus approximatus, Nicholson, found hitherto only in 

 Canada and Victoria, turns out to be an important zonal fossil. It 

 was first found near Dromana, on the Mornington Peninsula, associ- 

 ated with Tetragraptus fruticosus, the typical Bendigonian fossil. 

 This showed the Lower Ordovician age of a tract that for forty years 

 had been considered Silurian. T. approximatus next appeared along 

 a line of strike in Bendigo itself, although Bendigo had apparently 

 been well searched for many years without its appearing. Then Mr. 

 Ferguson secured several examples from Inglewood, where it was 

 associated not with Bendigonian, but with Lancefieldian forms. It 

 consequently is of value as fixing the base of the Bendigonian and the 

 summit of t!ie Lancefieldian. It may be mentioned that for 30 miles 

 approximately along the Inglewood strike, from Inglewood south to 

 Smeaton, we find Bendigonian Graptolites, the former place being, of 

 course, almost on the boundary line. 



The age of the Ballarat Goldfield has never yet been determined, 

 but it is gradually being arrived at. A Graptolite has been found, but it 

 is quite indeterminate, although I suspect it to be a Dicliograptid, but 

 I am not at all sm-e. Phyllocarids are common in several places, and 

 appear to be Rhinopterocaris maccoyi, which ranges throughout the 

 Lower Ordovician. To the south and south-east of Ballarat we have 

 ii variety to choose from. Darriwill itself is 30 miles to the south- 

 east : 10 miles nearer is Elaine, where we get, on the east, undoubted 

 uppeiTOost Bendigonian, nine identifiable species being represented. 

 A s hort distanc e to the west we get L ancefieldian from half a dozen 



* Proc .Roy. Soc, Vic^ 20, 190?! 



