PRESIDBKT's address. SECTION Gl. 525 



the one hand, and that of trade on the other. Under the head of 

 production, inquiiy must be made as to the relation of the human 

 unit to the various primary sources of wealth, thus furnishing par- 

 ticulars concerning such industries as — 



Pastoral, Mining, 



Agricultural, Forestry, and 



Dallying, Fisheries. 



Associated with these are the various manufacturing industries 

 in which the raw materials are worked up into the form suitable 

 for use. 



The exchange of surplus articles of production constitutes trade, 

 and the investigation of its bearing on the human unit involves the 

 consideration of details of imports and exports. 



For many pui-poses connected with production and trade, means 

 of transport and communication are required, and the necessities of 

 our human units in this respect are mainly supplied by means of rail- 

 ways, tramways, and shipping, as regards transport ; and postal, tele- 

 graphic, and telephonic facilities as regards communication. We thus 

 need details concerning roads, railways, tramways, shipping, etc., as 

 well as statistics of posts, telegraphs, and telephones. 



Further, for the economical cariying out of his many functions, 

 man required the intervention of a medium of exchange, or money, 

 and the record of his dealings therewith furnish statistics of private^ 

 finance, including banking, insurance, coinage, &c. 



For the due control of the community as a whole, systems of 

 government, Federal, State, and municipal are required, and an 

 examination of the functions of these institutions furnish two sets of 

 statistical resiilts, legislative and financial, the former dealing with 

 the scheme laid dov.-n for regulating the conduct of the community, and 

 the latter with the levies made upon the community to secure the 

 means for enforcing those regulations, and with the manner in which 

 the sums so raised are disbursed. 



The investigation of the formal application of these regulations, 

 and of the penalties which their breach involves, provides the basis 

 for the legal and criminal statistics of the community, while the 

 records of the provision made by the more affluent members of the 

 community for the destitute and the afflicted furnish statistics of 

 charity. 



We thus see how intimately related are the various branches ol 

 statistical knowledge, how dependent each is upon some phase of the 

 life, conditions, or relations of the human unit, and how essential it is 

 for a compreliensive treatment of the matter that the professional 

 statistician's outlook should be as wide as that of human activity 

 itself. His high aim should be that of understanding the inter- 

 relations and inter-dependencies of man with his fellow-man, and, from 

 his position of professional expert in statecraft, assisting the adminis- 

 trative statesman with his counsel and advice. • 



4. Conclusion. — The field of statistics is, however, so vast that 

 any attempt to compress within the limits of a single address more 

 than a cui-sory view of its many ramifications would be futile. What 

 I have endeavoured to do Has been to present as clearly as possible 

 the manner in which the science of statistics has grown and developed, 

 and to indicate, though briefly, the enormous statistical harvest still 



