TUMOURS IN DOMESTICATED ANIMALS. 589 



in my collection of specimens for 13 years. Tliese tumours are not 

 imcommon on the skin of bo vines. They are very vascular, and ai-e 

 commonly known as "blood warts." 



3. Hoof Horns, from an overgrowth of the hoofs of ovine and 

 bovine animals. These conditions are common in sheep, while they are 

 uncommon in cattle. I have secured specimens of this abnormal 

 condition, with the following history : An aged cow in this State, 

 well bred, fat, and a deep milker, in which all the hoofs were affected, 

 and of great length. {See Fig. 5.) 



This animal did not use the sole or toe of the front feet in walk- 

 ing or standing; all the weight was on the heels, while the toes were 

 turned upwards. This animal could only be moved with great diffi- 

 culty, and was in great pain on account of those delicate structures, 

 the lamina?, in the hoofs, being diseased. Since the animal was other- 

 wise healthy, I advised that she should be slaughtered. 



The legs were secured for examination, and the following is their 

 description : — 



Near fore leg: Hoof, 8 in. long; the upper portion, outer view, 

 had a deep irregular cleft, which was discharging pus. The hoof was 

 removed, and the lamina was prepared for microscopic examination, 

 and found to be affected with suppurating laminitis. 



Off fore leg: Hoof, 8^- in. long, and in much the samo condition 

 as tho near fore foot. 



Near hind foot: 6 in. long. The wall was not ruptured, still the 

 irregularity of the hoofs denoted that great structural changes had 

 taken place in the deep structures. 



Off hind hoof: This measured 8 in., and the appearance was 

 identical with those in the other hind foot. 



4. Cicatrical Horns, the seat of brand scar, the result of branding 

 the skin of cattle too deeply. In Mr. J. Bland Sutton's work, above 

 mentioned, he says : "' Horns growing in the cicatrices of burns are 

 very rare. In Australia, whei-e fire-branding of cattle is the rule, 

 it is not uncommon to find horns growing in cicatrices caused by the 

 hot branding iron. 



The following is a description of a typical case : — 

 An aged cow was found with a f ungating mass {see Fig. No. 7) 

 on the left rump, the seat of a deep brand. The mass was vascular, 

 and gave off a vile stench. These growths are known locally as 

 " brand cancer." After careful examination, the os sacrum was found 

 to be involved, and slaughter was advised. A j)ost-mortein examina- 

 tion was made, and the follow^ing noted : — Os sacrum involved. (See 

 Fig. 9.) Liver contained an abnormal growth, which, when examined 

 microscopically, was found to be an angioma, while the fungating 

 mass was found to be an epithelioma. {See Fig. 8.) Those lesions 

 are prone to the development of epithelial cancer, of which we Tiave 

 reported on many specimens during this year. 



Endotheliomata. — This specimen was the enlarged left testicle, 

 and a large nodular tumour from the pelvis of an aged stallion, the 

 whole weighing about 30 lb. {See Fig. 10). 



