NORTH AMERICAN GEOTRUPINAE — ^HOWDEN 213 



NEW MEXICO: 2 females (paratypes), Jemez Mountains, July 24, Aug. 1, 



Woodgate (CAS). 1 male, Santa Fe, August (CAS). 

 UTAH: 1 female, Moab, Grand County, Aug. 18, 1929, Gloyd (UnMich). 



MfiXICO 

 CHIHUAHUA: 3 males, 6 females. Samalayuca, Aug. 7, 1950, Smith (AMNH). 



Genus Bolboceras Kirby 



Bolboceras Kirby, 1818, p. 459.— Stephens, 1828, p. 178.— Curtis, 1829, description 

 opposite pi. 259.— Melsheimer, 1845, p. 138.— Cartwright, 1953, p. 101. 



Odontaeus Megerle, in Dejean, 1821, p. 56, nomen nudum and therefore not valid. 



Odanlaeus Klug, 1845, p. 37. — Westwood, 1852a, p. 11. — Lacordaire, 1856, p. 

 144.— Horn, 1870, p. 42.— Blatchley, 1910, p. 938; 1928, p. 29.— Dawson, 

 1922, p. 193.— Wallis, 1928, pp. 119-128, 151-156, 168-176; 1929, pp. 239-241. 



Scarabaeus Fabricius, 1775, p. 11. — Olivier, 1789, p. 63. — Marsham, 1802, p. 8. 



Geotrupes Latreille, 1804, p. 145. 



Genotype: Bolboceras mohilicornis Fabricius, designated by Curtis 

 (1829, page opposite pi. 259). 

 Generic limitations: Given by Kirby (1818, p. 459): 



Labrum transversum. 



Labium bipartitum; laciniis oblongo-quadratis. 



Mandibulae corneae, supra concava, altera apice bidentata; dente interiori 

 longiori acuto. 



Maxillae apice bilobae; lobis ciliatis; interiori minute, exterior! subcuneiformi; 

 angulo apicis intus producto acutissimo. 



Palpi filiformes. 



Mentum subquadratum, integrum. 



Antennae undecim-articulatae; articulo primo sublcavato extus minutissimo, 

 secundo cylindrico, proximis sex transversis, ultimis tribus clavam maximan 

 compressam suborbiculatam, pilosam, articulo intermedio saepius penitus tecto 

 et abdito, formantibus. 



For a detailed account of additional generic characteristics, consult 

 Wallis (1928, pp. 124-126). 



Cartwright (1953) has stated that if one accepts the designation by 

 Curtis (1829, page opposite pi. 259) of mohilicornis Fabricius (armiger 

 Scopoli) as the type of the genus Bolboceras, then Odontaeus should be 

 placed in synonymy. As no alternative to this has been found, the 

 name Bolboceras, as it is used here, includes all the North American 

 species formerly placed in the genus Odontaeus by Wallis (1928, 1929). 



Since the species in the genus were carefully described by Wallis 

 (1928, 1929), it is unnecessary to redescribe them here. A few notes 

 on adult morphology have been added, but for keys to the species and 

 descriptions of the adults the reader is referred to the previously 

 mentioned papers by Wallis. In the present discussion, only the 

 known biology and larval morphology of the species are considered. 



While the species of Bolboceras are, as adults, remarkably alike, the 

 known larvae (three species) are remarkably unlike. The larva of 



