572 Davis—On the Fossil Fishes of the Chalk of Mount Lebanon. 
The vertebrz supporting the caudal fin are closely aggregated, and form a sup- 
port for an imbricated series of fulcral rays at the base of each lobe. 
The dorsal and anal fins are comparatively small; the caudal large. The 
dorsal fin occupies a position somewhat nearer the head than to the tail; its base 
extends 1 inch along the dorsal surface, and contains eighteen fin-rays; the 
longest fin-rays are the anterior ones, being 1:2 inch in length; those behind 
rapidly diminish in length. Their distal terminations are branched, and divided 
by transverse joints. The fin is supported by interneural spines, fine, rather 
short, and divided at the end in conjunction with the fin. The anal fin occupies 
a position 2 inches in front of the caudal; it is composed and supported in a 
similar manner to the dorsal, except that the hamal spines and interhemal bones 
are much more oblique than those supporting the dorsal fin. The anal fin is 
small, having only ten rays; its base is 0°8 of an inch, and the anterior or longest 
fin-ray barely an inch in length. The caudal fin is large and powerful; its 
peduncle is 1-2 inch in height, and the tail expands to a diameter of 3:4 inches at 
the termination of the lobes, which are 3-0 inches in length. The hypural bone is 
surrounded by a series of strong ossicles, about 0°2 of an inch in length, from 
which spring the fin-rays, about thirty in number; these become rapidly divided, 
and branch into innumerable jointed filaments. The tail is deeply forked, the 
central portion extending only 1:3 inch beyond the hypural bone. 
The paired fins are of small size. The pectoral fin takes its position 
immediately behind the gill-covers. The pectoral arch is well developed, and the 
fin attached thereto in a position considerably higher and nearer to the lateral 
line than is the case with any previously described specimen from Lebanon. 
About fifteen rays are distinguishable, the longest 13 inch in length. The 
ventral fin was about 1 inch in length; the number of rays cannot be traced. 
The fin was supported by a somewhat triangular, long, and slender bone. The 
ventrals occupy a position immediately under the dorsal fin, exactly intermediate 
between the pectorals and the anal. 
The specimen now described, though very much larger in size than any of the 
species hitherto described from the Lebanon district, without doubt possesses 
many of the characteristics of the genus Clupea: the position, size, and arrange- 
ment of the fins, the form of the head, and the apparently edentalous jaws, and 
the internal anatomical structure, are all of a Clupean nature. There are one or 
two features which appear to connect it with the genus Salmo; for instance, the 
great thickness of the peduncle of the tail, and the size and extent of the branchi- 
ostegal rays, which are much more prominent and extend posteriorly to a greater 
extent than in Clupea. 
This species resembles the species Clupea sardinoides, Pictet, C. lata, Agassiz, 
and C. laticaudata, Pictet, in the number of its vertebre. From each of them it 
differs in the greater breadth of the peduncle of the caudal fin, and in the large 
