Royal Academy of Berlin, &ec. 89 
shape and size, what astronomical appearances should this 
give rise to? And cannot the existing difference between 
the summer and winter observations upon the obliquity of 
the ecliptic be accounted for from these ?”’ 
The above society has also offered a double medal, or 
sixty ducats in money, for the best answer to the following 
question : 
2. As the latest observations and inquiries upon elec- 
tricity, the electrical eel, (Gymnotus efectricus,) and the 
galvanic powers of other similar fishes, seem to demonstrate. 
a very strong coincidence in the nature of the various elec- 
trical powers of these animals, and yet a most remarkable. 
difference in their effects ; it becomes requisite to reconcile 
these apparent contradictions from actual experiments.” 
The answers to the above questions must be transmitted 
to Utrecht on or before the 1st October 1808. 
THE FREE SOCIETY FOR PHYSICAL AND MEDICAL KNOW- 
LEDGE AT LUTTICK, 
On the 6th of June 1806, announced a prize of 200 
francs for the best answer to the following question : 
«© What influence have the passions in bringing on dis- 
eases ?” 
The answers must be sent in on or before the 1st of 
April 1807. ~ 
LITERARY SOCIETY AT MONTAUBAN. 
This society has offered a prize of a gold medal for the 
best answer to the following question : 
«© What connection subsists between electricity, mage 
‘ netism, and galvanism? and what part does caloric act in 
all the operations of the above principles ?” 
The answer must be transmitted on or before the 20th of 
March 1807. 
ROYAL ACADEMY OF BERLIN. 
On the 7th of August, 1806, this: academy had its grand 
-annual meeting, when the following prize questions were 
announced for the ensuing year : 
© Has electricity, or have any other pure chemical powers 
any 
‘ 
