190 Literature. —Misceflaneous. 
nation in France, and by recommending them to the hotice 
of the governments. 
LITERATURE. 
Russia.—The late M. Hadsi Niku, an eminent Russian, 
founded a school at Cronstadt for the education of the mo- 
dern Greeks, and it already contains thirty-four students. 
The objects of instruction are, religion, reading, writing and 
arithmetic, and the ancient Greek according to the grammar _ 
of Constantine Lascaris. The professors are monks of 
Mount Athos. Cronstadt has also a yery good choo! for 
the Walachians, with three professors. 
Ausiria.—A school of philosophy has been eatehtisincs 
at Bruix in the circle of Saatz in Bohemia. Besides the 
university of Prague, the kingdom of Bohemia has seven 
other schools of philosophy and theology, the chairs of which 
are filled by ecclesiastics. 
The Austrian government is more and more persuaded 
that it is not so much necessary to punish crimes as to pre- 
vent their commission by removing the causes of the evil. 
As crimes have been more frequent in the Bannat and in 
the countries of Transylvania inhabited by the Walachians, 
seminaries of education, and schools of theology and phi- 
losophy, are established in these districts. 
During the Jast war the book trade in Austria was com- 
‘pletely at a stand, and there was no bookseller from, Vienna 
at the last Leipsic fair. 
Hungary.—Several works have issued from the press at 
Pesth, within the last year, in the Hungarian language. 
Among these are translations of the Letters of Cicero, Tasso’s 
Jerusalem Delivered, and of M. Chaptal’s work on the Cul- 
ture of the Vine. 
A journal also appears under the title ** Ungrische Mis- 
cellen,” (Hungarian Miscellanies) of considerable interest to 
the foam 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
There is in the press at Edinburgh an “ Account of a 
Tour. through the Orkney and Shetland Islands,” by Mr. 
. Neill, secretary to the Natural History Society of Edin- 
burgh. The author, after describing the objects of natural 
history ee occurred in his progress, treats fully of the 
state 
