270 Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle.’ 
one of which was a rowel or spur, which projected a little 
more than the others. The learned antiquary supposed this 
ring to have been used as a chaplet or rosario in the days 
of the catholic religion in this country, and that:each point 
was to indicate a prayer, as a help to the memory, or to 
those who could not read. These chaplets or rosaries are, 
however, always divided by tens, and at the end*of every 
ten Ave Marias, the devotionist says a Pater Noster; in 
this manner he proceeds till he has said a hundred and fifty 
Ave Marias and fifteen Pater Nosters, which completes the 
number of his prayers, and is what is called ‘ saying: his 
rosario.” - The rosario is also divided into thirds, at the end 
of which the supplicant makes the sign of the cross, and 
then continues. The fact, however, that the points on this 
ring are not divisable by tens, militates somewhat against 
the opinion of its being a rosario or chaplet. 
Dec. 11. Sir H. C. Englefield, bart. vice-president, in the 
chair.—The right hon. the earl of Egremont furnished some 
additional records of the expenses and equipages of the em- 
barkation of the earl of Northumberland, on his embassy to 
France in the reign of Henry VIII. 
Dec. 18. The right hon. the earl of Leicester, president, 
in the chair.—The reading of the antient registers of the 
household expenses, wardrobe, &c. of the earl of Northum- 
berland, was concluded, 
The reverend Mr. Freston exhibited another of his Greek 
coins to the society, which, in consequence of the ap- 
proaching festival, adjourned till Thursday the 8th of Janu- 
ary, 1807. 
LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF NEWCASTLE- 
UPON-TYNE. 
This respectable society has published its thirteenth year’s 
report, by which we are happy to learn that it continues in 
4 prosperous state. ’ 
‘The papers this year have not been numerous, but some ~ 
of them have been of considerable importance. In April 
(1805), Mr. Clennell read an essay on the expediency of © 
disclosing the processes of manufactures, a subject which © 
was 
