Memoir upon living and fossil Elephants. 53 



Plate IV. fig. 5. is a cranium of an Indian elephant cut 

 vertically, 



a, the entrance of the nostrils. 



l,b, the enormous thickness of the sinuses which sepa- 

 rate the two partitions of thp cranium. 



c, the cavity of the brain. 



d, the occipital hole, and the right condylus of that nanae. 

 €, the alveolus of the tusk. 



f, the cavity of the tusk opened, in order to show the 

 4pace occupied by its pulpy nucleus. 



In the space from fto g, a portion of the maxillary bone 

 and all the palatine bone have been removed, in order to show 

 the teeth and their gerrrts in their situation throughout their 

 jvhole extent. 



h, is the anterior tooth, reduced almost to nothing by 

 detrition, and by the compression as much of the subsequent 

 teeth as of its own alveolus. 



i, the toot!) at full growth, the roots of which begin to 

 be formed in k, and the triturating part of which, /, is al- 

 ready worn down to a tablet. The posterior laminae, tw, are 

 as yet untouched. 



n, the germ of the back tooth, as yet locked up in Its 

 membranous capsule, and the latter lodged in a cavity of 

 the back jaw. 



0, the nerve of the fifth pair, which gives threads to the 

 capsules of the teeth and to their pulpy nuclei. 



These two same teeth are represented more at large, 

 Plate in. fig. 1 and 2. 



Fig. 1. is the tooth when full grown; a,b, the portion of 

 its laminx already worn down to a tablet; b,c, the portion 

 as yet untouched ; J, c,f, its roots, which are sunk among 

 the productions of the alveolus g,h,i, 



I have removed the whole of the anterior face of the roots 

 and of the base of the fast of the tooth, in order to show 

 the pulpy nucleus kj,m. 



As the body of the tooth is ."jlmost entirely closed and 



filled, the small transverse walls w,o,/>,g',r,5, arc almost 



cntirtly shortened and compressed ; but in return for this, 



D 3 the 



