I 
THE FOREST 
THE forest of Ne-Ha-Sa-Ne Park, except for a small 
strip on the southern side, has never been lumbered. 
In places along the railroad the Spruce has been culled 
for ties, and near camp sites and rangers’ cabins there 
has been some cutting for fuel and other local uses. 
But for the most part the Park is covered with a virgin 
forest. 
A virgin forest is the product of centuries of struggle 
among the trees for the occupancy of the ground. This 
competition takes place between individuals of the same 
species, as well as between the different species, and 
its result determines the character of the forest. Nature 
does not provide for the survival of those trees alone 
which are of greatest use to man, or for the destruction 
of the valueless. The valueless species enter the con- 
test with as much vigor as the more technically valu- 
able, and often win in the race. A natural forest, then, 
contains alike valuable timber, unsound and worthless 
trees, and species which have at present no merchanta- 
ble use. From a technical point of view the condition 
of the virgin forest is not good, because much of the 
land, which might be producing marketable timber, is 
occupied by scrubby and worthless trees. 
The important species of Ne-Ha-Sa-Ne Park are all 
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