104 THE ADIRONDACK SPRUCE 
haps Cedar, it has been the most profitable tree to 
lumber, and, on account of its ability to grow more 
rapidly than the hardwoods, quicker returns can be ob- 
tained from it under forest management. The lumber- 
ing of hardwoods must, then, be subordinate in the 
general plan. All marketable hardwoods may be cut 
now, for their reproduction is abundant and secure, 
but in this case no provision is possible to assure a sec- 
ond equal yield in hardwoods at the time of the second 
cutting of Spruce. The present study was made 
primarily for the Spruce, and the hardwoods were 
worked up only in their relation to it. Their growth 
and behavior can only be described provisionally until 
some study is made on lumbered hardwood lands. 
The objection will probably be made that if the mer- 
chantable Spruce and hardwoods are cut the remain- 
ing trees will be blown down. In certain places this is 
true, and in them it must be guarded against in the 
location of the cut. A large part of the hardwoods are 
on fairly deep soil, and are not easily uprooted, and in 
many cases the large number of trees which must be 
left because not perfectly sound or straight will prevent 
an undue thinning of the forest. In the statement of 
financial results ample provision and allowance have 
been made for leaving a large number of trees to, 
furnish seed, for the protection of the soil, and to guard 
against damage by wind. In practice, the protection 
of the forest against windfall must be left to the man 
who marks the timber to be cut. 
