180 Mode of Heating Rooms hj Stenm. 



(which is slightly inclined) expelling the air, which partly 

 escapes by the valve g, and is partly forced into the other 

 pipes. The valve g being considerably loaded, forces the 

 accumulating sieam down into the rest of the pipes d, d,d. 

 The air in these pipes recedes before the steam, and is forced 

 through the tubes //, h, h, into the pipe vi, in, m, whence 

 it escapes at the valve i, and the syphon k. The water, con- 

 densed in the whf)le of the pipes, passes also through the 

 tube? h, h, h, h, into the pipe in, m, m, which has such a 

 declivity as to discharge the water at the syphon k, into the 

 hot well 72, whence it is pumped back into the boiler. 



The whole of llie pipes are of cast iron, except m, ?n,m, 

 which is of copper. The perpendicular pipes serve as pillars 

 for supporting the beams of the house, by means of the pro- 

 jecting pieces o, o. u, which may be raised or lowered at 

 pleasure by the wedges p, p, p. The pipes are sunk in the 

 beams about an inch, and are made fast to them by the iron 

 straps q, q. Those in the lower story rest on the stones 

 5, s, s, s, and are made tight at the junction with stuffing. 

 The pipe in each story supports the one in the story above 

 by a stuffed joint as shown at ?•, The pipes in the lower 

 storv are seven inches in diameter; those in the higher six 

 inches ; those in the other two are of intermediate diame- 

 ters. The thickness of the metal is three-eighths of an inch. 

 The lower pipes are made larger tlian the upper, in order to 

 expose a greater heated surface in the lower rooms, because 

 the steam being thrown from above into all the pipes, except 

 the first, would otherwise become incapable of imparting an 

 equal heat as it descends. 



There is no necessity for valves opening inwards in this 

 apparatus, the pipes being strong enough to resist the pres- 

 sure of the atmosphere. 



The cotton mill is 60 feet long, 33 wide, and four sto- 

 ries high, the upper beino; a garret story. In the engraving 

 five parts out of nine in the length of the building are only 

 shown. The apparatus v/ill heat the rooms to 85° in the 

 coldest season. It is evident that, by increasing the size, 

 t)T the number of the pipes, and the supply of steam, any 

 degree of heat up to 212° may be easily produced. It may 



even 



