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Mangolias, chestnuts, and Toon were likewise common ; I also noticed 

 Broussonetia papyrifera, Daphne, and a Dodonoza. The forest is 

 likewise rich in Epiphytical archideos and ferns, of which I made a 

 large collection : bamboo of medium growth is also common. In 

 the depth of this forest I came on the ruins of two old pagodas, 

 but they were in too dilapidated a state to admit of any conclusion 

 being drawn as to their original design ; the brick and mortar, how- 

 ever, of such parts as still remain in tact are capital. On one of 

 the bricks in the basement we made out, by the aid of my magni- 

 fying glass, " 1167, 13th Kussone," but it is probable this brick had 

 been planted, when repairing the pagoda some years after its 

 erection. Here, for the first time, I may say, since my arrival 

 in the province, I shot a jungle-cock with speckles on the neck 

 and crop — an old, familiar friend of India. I also got a long shot 

 at a tiger, but missed, much to the disgust of my guide. After 

 making a few presents to the Kakhyens I started again, reaching 

 Thagahya by 6 p.m. This is a Shan-Taloke village, situated at 

 the mouth of a creek of the same name, spanned by a wooden 

 bridge consisting of two planks of sal with hand-rails. Thagahya 

 is enclosed by a double bamboo stockade, and numbers forty houses 

 and a monastery occupied by three Shan-Burman phoongyees, 

 who teach the boys reading and writing : situated at the back of 

 the latter is a large Ficus elastica, which is now partly defoliated ; 

 it was planted by the original inhabitants of this village, who, 

 two years ago, were plundered by the Kakhyens, and compelled 

 to retreat across the river, and seek the protection of the moun- 

 taineers of that bank. The river here narrowing to about one 

 hundred and fifty yards, overlaps its banks during the floods, and 

 inundates the village, which has necessitated the construction of a 

 viaduct raised three feet off the ground and running the entire 

 length of the stockade, which is two hundred and thirty feet. To 

 the east, large clearings have been effected for paddy and til cultiva- 

 tion. Here cabined bamboo rafts serve the purpose of boats 

 where the women and children sleep at night, anchored in the 

 middle of the river from dread of the Kakhyens, who come down 

 in large bands and plunder and burn the villages, carrying off what 

 human beings they can. Before turning in for the night, the head- 

 man of the village sent down word to say that I need not be alarmed at 

 the report of guns throughout the night, as this was only a precau- 

 tionary measure to show the Kakhyens that they were on the alert. 

 285. Monday, 2nd February 1874. — Thagahya and Winemew 

 cloudy, and much warmer ; thermometer, 55°. The amat from Zee- 

 ghoon arrived and informed us he had heard that the trader who 



